{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:28:47Z","timestamp":1790504927030,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.11.1166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T21:16:40Z","timestamp":1226351800000},"page":"1166-1173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["The treatment of severe dystonia in children and adults."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"C D","family":"Marsden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M H","family":"Marion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Treatment of torsion dystonia","volume-title":"of Movement","author":"Marsden, C.D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Marsden CD. Treatment of torsion dystonia. In: Barbeau A, ed. Disorders of Movement. Lancaster: MTP Press, 1981:81-104."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.10.1255","article-title":"High dose anticholinergic therapy in dystonia","volume":"33","author":"Fahn, S.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Fahn S. High dose anticholinergic therapy in dystonia. Neurology (NY) 1983;33:1255-61.","journal-title":"Neurology (NY)"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.9.789","article-title":"Delayed-onset dystonia in patients with \"static\" encephalopathy","volume":"43","author":"Burke, R.E.; Fahn, S.; Gold, A.P.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Burke RE, Fahn S, Gold AP. Delayed-onset dystonia in patients with \"static\" encephalopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1980;43:789-97.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1979.tb16114.x","article-title":"Production of catalepsy and depletion of brain monoamine by a butyrophenone derivative","volume":"67","author":"Fuenmayor, L.D.; Vogt, M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Fuenmayor LD, Vogt M. Production of catalepsy and depletion of brain monoamine by a butyrophenone derivative. Br J Pharmacol 1979;67: 115-22.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-197612010-00001","article-title":"Pimozide: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic uses in psychiatry","volume":"12","author":"true","year":"1976","unstructured":"Pinder RM, Brogden RN, Sawyer PR, et al. Pimozide: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic uses in psychiatry. Drugs 1976; 12:1-40.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.32.12.1335","article-title":"Tardive dystonia: Late-onset and persistent dystonia caused by antipsychotic drugs","volume":"32","author":"Burke, R.E.; Fahn, S.; Jankovic, J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Burke RE, Fahn S, Jankovic J, et al. Tardive dystonia: Late-onset and persistent dystonia caused by antipsychotic drugs. Neurology (NY) 1982;32:1335-46.","journal-title":"Neurology (NY)"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.7.825","article-title":"Myoclonic dystonia","volume":"33","author":"Obeso, J.A.; Rothwell, J.C.; Lang, A.E.; Marsden, C.D.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Obeso JA, Rothwell JC, Lang AE, Marsden CD. Myoclonic dystonia. Neurology (NY) 1983;33: 825-30.","journal-title":"Neurology (NY)"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"100","article-title":"Pharmacology of cranial dystonia","volume":"1","author":"Marsden, C.D.; Lang, A.E.; Sheehy, M.P.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Marsden CD, Lang AE, Sheehy MP. Pharmacology of cranial dystonia. Neurology (NY) 1983;33: 1 100-1.","journal-title":"Neurology (NY)"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/105.3.461","article-title":"Writers' cramp - a focal dystonia","volume":"105","author":"Sheehy, M.P.; Marsden, C.D.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sheehy MP, Marsden CD. Writers' cramp - a focal dystonia. Brain 1982; 105:461-80.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08379.x","article-title":"An analysis of the learning deficit following hyoscine administration to man","volume":"49","author":"Crow, T.J.; Grove-White, I.G.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Crow TJ, Grove-White IG. An analysis of the learning deficit following hyoscine administration to man. Br J Pharmacol 1973;49:322-7.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(77)90073-9","article-title":"Neurotransmitter enzyme abnormalities in senile dementia","volume":"34","author":"Perry, E.K.; Gibson, P.H.; Blessed, G.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Perry EK, Gibson PH, Blessed G, et al. Neurotransmitter enzyme abnormalities in senile dementia. J Neurol Sci 1977;34:247-65.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"375","volume":"5","author":"Neuropharmacol","year":"1982","unstructured":"Neuropharmacol 1982;5:375-87."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410110108","article-title":"Treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders with tetrabenazine: A double-blind cross-over study","volume":"11","author":"Jankovic, J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jankovic J. Treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders with tetrabenazine: A double-blind cross-over study. Ann Neurol 1982;11:41-7.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"\"186","article-title":"Treatment of involuntary movement disorders with tetrabenazine","volume":"35","author":"Swash, M.; Roberts, A.H.; Zakko, H.; Heathfield, K.W.G.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Swash M, Roberts AH, Zakko H, Heathfield KWG. Treatment of involuntary movement disorders with tetrabenazine. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1972;35: 186-91. '-Lane JD, Smith JE, Shea PA, McBride WJ. Neurochemical changes following the administration of depleters of biogenic monoamines. Life Sci 1976; 19:1663-8.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry; Neurochemical changes following the administration of depleters of biogenic monoamines"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"257","article-title":"Tetrabenazine has properties of a dopamine receptor antagonist","volume":"12","author":"Login, I.S.; Cronin, M.J.; MacLeod, R.M.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Login IS, Cronin MJ, MacLeod RM. Tetrabenazine has properties of a dopamine receptor antagonist. Ann Neurol 1981;12:257-62.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1970.tb05621.x","article-title":"Combined nitoman-pimozide treatment of Huntington's chorea and other hyperkinetic syndromes","volume":"46","author":"Fog, R.; Pakkenberg, H.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Fog R, Pakkenberg H. Combined nitoman-pimozide treatment of Huntington's chorea and other hyperkinetic syndromes. Acta Neurol Scand 1970;46:249-","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.47.11.1166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]],"date-time":"2025-02-02T16:45:17Z","timestamp":1738514717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.47.11.1166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,11,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.47.11.1166","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,11,1]]}}}