{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T22:48:12Z","timestamp":1771541292624,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,3,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.50.3.361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T21:16:40Z","timestamp":1226351800000},"page":"361-362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Protein C deficiency: a cause of amaurosis fugax?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"D B","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G E","family":"Ens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Inherited antithrombin III deficiency and cerebral thrombosis in a child","volume":"65","author":"Ambruso, B.R.; Hathaway, Jacobsen J.; W.E.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ambruso BR, Jacobsen J. Hathaway WE. Inherited antithrombin III deficiency and cerebral thrombosis in a child. Pe(diatrics 1980;65: 125-3 1.","journal-title":"Pe(diatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"he symptoms of \"neurogenic claudication\" in Englewood, Colorado 80110 became suddenly impotent, and had noticed some women with urinary incontinence","author":"Ave, E.Hampden","year":"1978","unstructured":"E Hampden Ave, walked several miles. In March 1978 he symptoms of \"neurogenic claudication\" in Englewood, Colorado 80110 became suddenly impotent, and had noticed some women with urinary incontinence"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"822","article-title":"Embolism of central retinal artery secondary to myocardial infarction knee and ankle reflexes, with normal sensation and intact cremasteric and anal reflexes. CSF studies and visual evoked responses were unhelpful, and metrizamide myelography showed a small arachnoid cyst Faecal incontinence has not previously been reported in this context, and its occurrence in our patient requires explanation. Maintenance of faecal continence is now thought to depend chiefly on the puborecwith mural thrombosis. Arc h Ophihalmol posteriorly in the mid-dorsal region, with talis muscle, which acts as a sling round the","volume":"73","author":"Zimmerman, L.E.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Zimmerman LE. Embolism of central retinal artery secondary to myocardial infarction knee and ankle reflexes, with normal sensation and intact cremasteric and anal reflexes. CSF studies and visual evoked responses were unhelpful, and metrizamide myelography showed a small arachnoid cyst Faecal incontinence has not previously been reported in this context, and its occurrence in our patient requires explanation. Maintenance of faecal continence is now thought to depend chiefly on the puborecwith mural thrombosis. Arc h Ophihalmol posteriorly in the mid-dorsal region, with talis muscle, which acts as a sling round the 1965;73:822-6."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"343","article-title":"Potential sources of emboli in patients with presumed transient cerebral or retinal ischaemia","volume":"1","author":"DeBono, D.P.; Warlow, C.P.","year":"1981","unstructured":"DeBono DP, Warlow CP. Potential sources of emboli in patients with presumed transient cerebral or retinal ischaemia. Lancet 1981;1:343-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1983.tb04348.x","article-title":"Amaurosis fugax: unselected material","volume":"61","author":"Sorenson, P.N.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sorenson PN. Amaurosis fugax: unselected material. Acta Ophthalmol 1983;61:583-8.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"Cerebral haemorrhagic infarction in was followed up in outpatients. He re-presented in early 1985 with a two year history of faecal incontinence provoked by walking. Initially this only occurred if he walked several miles, but the distance had gradually decreased to 400 yards and he was forced to wear incontinence pads throughmuscle sphincter makes the largest contribution to intraluminal rectal pressure, its division causes little functional disability.5 Both the puborectalis and the external sphincter muscles are supplied by S 2-4 nerve roots and show tonic activity which ceases during defaecation.67 La Fuente, young patients with hereditary protein C out the day. He was fully continent at rest. Andrew and Joy8 have shown in a cadaver","author":"Wintzen, A.R.; Broekmans, A.W.; Bertina, R.M.; el al","unstructured":"Wintzen AR, Broekmans AW, Bertina RM, el al. Cerebral haemorrhagic infarction in was followed up in outpatients. He re-presented in early 1985 with a two year history of faecal incontinence provoked by walking. Initially this only occurred if he walked several miles, but the distance had gradually decreased to 400 yards and he was forced to wear incontinence pads throughmuscle sphincter makes the largest contribution to intraluminal rectal pressure, its division causes little functional disability.5 Both the puborectalis and the external sphincter muscles are supplied by S 2-4 nerve roots and show tonic activity which ceases during defaecation.67 La Fuente, young patients with hereditary protein C out the day. He was fully continent at rest. 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