{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:54:03Z","timestamp":1790423643469,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,9,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.9.1113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T21:16:40Z","timestamp":1226351800000},"page":"1113-1119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and Wales, 1980-1984: a case-control study of potential risk factors."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Harries-Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R G","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Cousens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P G","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W B","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1126\/science.161.3839.388","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (spongiform encephalopathy); transmission to the chimpanzee","volume":"161","author":"CJ, Jr, I.Gibbs; DC, Gajdusek; DM, Asher; E, Beck; PM, Daniel; WB, Matthews","year":"1968","unstructured":"I Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC, Asher DM, Beck E, Daniel PM, Matthews WB. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (spongiform encephalopathy); transmission to the chimpanzee. Science 1968;161:388-9.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197403212901220","article-title":"Possible person-to-person transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"290","author":"Duffy, F.; Wolf, J.; Collins, G.; Devoe, A.; Streeten, B.; Cowen, D.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Duffy F, Wolf J, Collins G, Devoe A, Streeten B, Cowen D. Possible person-to-person transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. N Eng J Med 1974;290:692-3.","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"478","article-title":"Danger of personto-person transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by surgery","volume":"1","author":"Bernoulli, C.; Siegfried, J.; Baumgartner, G.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Bernoulli C, Siegfried J, Baumgartner G, et al. Danger of personto-person transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by surgery. Lancet 1977;1:478-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"280","article-title":"Transmission iatrogene interhumaine possible de maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob avec atteinte des grains du cervelet","volume":"136","author":"Foncin, J.F.; Gaches, J.; Cathala, F.; el Sherif, E.; le Beau, J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Foncin JF, Gaches J, Cathala F, el Sherif E, le Beau J. Transmission iatrogene interhumaine possible de maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob avec atteinte des grains du cervelet. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1980;136:280.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.45.3.235","article-title":"Evidence for case-to-case transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"45","author":"RG, S.Will; WB, Matthews","year":"1982","unstructured":"S Will RG, Matthews WB. Evidence for case-to-case transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1982;45:235-8.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198509193131205","article-title":"Potential epidemic of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from human growth hormone","volume":"313","author":"Brown, P.; Gajdusek, D.C.; Cl, Jr, Gibbs; Asher, D.M.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Brown P, Gajdusek DC, Gibbs Cl Jr, Asher DM. Potential epidemic of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from human growth hormone. N Engi J Med 1985;313:728-31.","journal-title":"N Engi J Med"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"244","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after administration of human growth hormone","volume":"ii:","author":"Powell-Jackson, J.; Weller, R.O.; Kennedy, P.; Whitcombe, E.M.; Newsom-Davis, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Powell-Jackson J, Weller RO, Kennedy P, Whitcombe EM, Newsom-Davis J. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after administration of human growth hormone. Lancet 1985;ii:244-6.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121567","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a case-control study","volume":"98","author":"Bobowick, A.R.; Brody, J.A.; Matthews, M.R.; Roos, R.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Bobowick AR, Brody JA, Matthews MR, Roos R, Gajdusek DC. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a case-control study. Am J Epidem 1973;98:381-94.","journal-title":"Am J Epidem"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410110410","article-title":"A case control study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: association with physical injuries","volume":"11","author":"Kondo, K.; Kuroiwa, Y.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kondo K, Kuroiwa Y. A case control study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: association with physical injuries. Ann Neurol 1982;11:377-81.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"17","article-title":"1985 Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Japan","volume-title":"Aspects of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Japan","author":"Kondo, K.","unstructured":"Kondo K. 1985 Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Japan. In: Mizutani T, Shiraki H, eds. Clinicopathological Aspects of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Japan. Nishimura: Elsevier 1985:17-30."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.10.1483","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: possible medical risk factors","volume":"35","year":"1985","unstructured":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: possible medical risk factors. Neurology 1985;35:1483-6.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114125","article-title":"A case-control study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: dietary risk factors","volume":"122","author":"Davanipour, Z.; Alter, M.; Sobel, E.; Asher, D.M.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Davanipour Z, Alter M, Sobel E, Asher DM, Gajdusek DC. A case-control study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: dietary risk factors. Am J Epidemiol 1985;122:443-51.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"196","article-title":"Transmissible virus dementia: evaluation of a zoonotic hypothesis","volume":"5","author":"Davanipour, Z.; Alter, M.; Sobel, E.; Asher, D.M.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Davanipour Z, Alter M, Sobel E, Asher DM, Gajdusek DC. Transmissible virus dementia: evaluation of a zoonotic hypothesis. Neuroepidemiology 1986;5:196-206.","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/68.3.703","article-title":"Likelihood calculations for matched case-control studies and survival studies with tied death time","volume":"68","author":"Gail, M.H.; Lubin, J.H.; Rubenstein, L.V.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gail MH, Lubin JH, Rubenstein LV. Likelihood calculations for matched case-control studies and survival studies with tied death time. Biometrike 1981;68:703-7.","journal-title":"Biometrike"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"134","article-title":"A retrospective study of CreutzfeldtJakob disease in England and Wales 1970-1979. 1. Clinical features","volume":"47","author":"Will, R.G.; Matthews, W.B.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Will RG, Matthews WB. A retrospective study of CreutzfeldtJakob disease in England and Wales 1970-1979. 1. Clinical features. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984;47:134-40.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410140104","article-title":"Syndromes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dementia: relation to transmissible Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"14","author":"Salazar, A.M.; Masters, C.L.; Gajdusek, D.C.; CJJr, Gibbs","year":"1983","unstructured":"Salazar AM, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC, Gibbs CJJr. Syndromes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dementia: relation to transmissible Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol 1983;14:17-26.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410160305","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of long duration; dlinicopathological characteristics, transmissibility, and differential diagnosis","volume":"16","author":"Brown, P.; Rodgers-Johnson, P.; Cathala, F.; CJ, Jr, Gibbs; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Brown P, Rodgers-Johnson P, Cathala F, Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC. 1984 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of long duration; dlinicopathological characteristics, transmissibility, and differential diagnosis. Ann Neurol 1986;16:295-304.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"749","article-title":"A retrospective study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and Wales 1970-1979","volume":"49","author":"Will, R.G.; Matthews, W.B.; Smith, P.G.; Hudson, C.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Will RG, Matthews WB, Smith PG, Hudson C. A retrospective study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and Wales 1970-1979. II: Epidemiology. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986;49:749-55.","journal-title":"II: Epidemiology. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.6.895","article-title":"The epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: conclusion of a 15-year investigation in France and review of the world literature","volume":"37","author":"Brown, P.; Cathala, F.; Raubertas, R.; Gajdusek, D.C.; Castaigne, P.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Brown P, Cathala F, Raubertas R, Gajdusek DC, Castaigne P. The epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: conclusion of a 15-year investigation in France and review of the world literature. Neurology 1987;37:895-904.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410060511","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France: III. Epidemiological study of 170 patients dying during the decade 1968-77","volume":"6","author":"Brown, P.; Cathala, F.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brown P, Cathala F, Gajdusek DC. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France: III. Epidemiological study of 170 patients dying during the decade 1968-77. Ann Neurol 1979;6:438-46.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"18","article-title":"Blot WJ. Information available from surrogate respondents in case-control studies","volume":"1","author":"Pickle, L.W.; Brown, L.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Pickle LW, Brown LM, Blot WJ. Information available from surrogate respondents in case-control studies. Am J Epidemiol 1983;1 18:99-108.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/142.2.205","article-title":"Oral transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and scrapie to non-human primates","volume":"142","author":"CJ, Jr, Gibbs; HL, Amyx; A, Bacote; CL, Masters; DC, Gajdusek","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gibbs CJ Jr, Amyx HL, Bacote A, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC. Oral transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and scrapie to non-human primates. J Infect Dis 1980;142:205-8.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6118.987","article-title":"Transmission of agent of CreutzfeldtJakob disease","volume":"1","author":"Adams, D.H.; Edgar, W.M.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Adams DH, Edgar WM. Transmission of agent of CreutzfeldtJakob disease. Br MedJ 1978;1:987.","journal-title":"Br MedJ"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"1614","article-title":"Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue","volume":"515","author":"Brown, P.; CJ, Jr, Gibbs; Gajdusek, D.C.; Cathala, F.; LaBauge, R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Brown P, Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC, Cathala F, LaBauge R. Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue. N Engl J Med 1986;515: 1614-5.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198509193131207","article-title":"Clinical and pathological features and laboratory confirmation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a recipient of pituitary-derived human growth hormone","volume":"313","author":"CJ, Jr, Gibbs; A, Joy; R, Heffner; M, Franko; M, Miyazaki; DM, Asher; JE, Parisi; PW, Brown; DC, Gajdusek","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gibbs CJ Jr, Joy A, Heffner R, Franko M, Miyazaki M, Asher DM, Parisi JE, Brown PW, Gajdusek DC. Clinical and pathological features and laboratory confirmation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a recipient of pituitary-derived human growth hormone. N Engi J Med 1985;313:734-8.","journal-title":"N Engi J Med"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"730","article-title":"CreutzfeldtJakob disease in a young adult with idiopathic hypopituitarism","volume":"313","author":"Koch, T.K.; Berg, B.O.; de Armond, S.J.; Gravina, R.F.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Koch TK, Berg BO, de Armond SJ, Gravina RF. CreutzfeldtJakob disease in a young adult with idiopathic hypopituitarism. N Engi J Med 1985;313:730-3.","journal-title":"N Engi J Med"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"932","article-title":"Neuropathologic verification of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the exhumed American recipient of human pituitary growth hormone","volume":"36","author":"Tintner, R.; Brown, P.; Hedley-White, E.T.; Rappaport, E.B.; Piccardo, C.P.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tintner R, Brown P, Hedley-White ET, Rappaport EB, Piccardo CP, Gajdusek DC. Neuropathologic verification of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the exhumed American recipient of human pituitary growth hormone. Neurology 1985;36:932-6.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1159\/000110837","article-title":"The natural incubation of kuru and the episodes of transmission in three clusters of patients","volume":"3","author":"Klitzman, R.L.; Alpers, M.P.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Klitzman RL, Alpers MP, Gajdusek DC. The natural incubation of kuru and the episodes of transmission in three clusters of patients. Neuroepidemiology 1984;3:3-20.","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref_29","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and ferrets","volume":"828","author":"Matthews, W.B.; Campbell, M.; Hughes, J.T.; Tomlinson, A.H.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Matthews WB, Campbell M, Hughes JT, Tomlinson AH. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and ferrets. Lancet 1979;i:828.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"171","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and sheep brain: a report from central and southern Italy","volume":"3","author":"F, Lo Russo; G, Neri; L, Figa-Talamanca","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lo Russo F, Neri G, Figa-Talamanca L. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and sheep brain: a report from central and southern Italy. Ital J Neurol Sci 1980;3:171-4.","journal-title":"Ital J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197504242921721","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after eating ovine brains?","volume":"292","author":"Alter, M.; Frank, Y.; Doyne, H.; Webster, D.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Alter M, Frank Y, Doyne H, Webster D. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after eating ovine brains? N Engi J Med 1975;292:927.","journal-title":"N Engi J Med"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"142","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Possible transmission by consumption of wild animal brains","volume":"76","author":"Kamin, M.; Patten, B.M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kamin M, Patten BM. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Possible transmission by consumption of wild animal brains. Am J Med 1984;76: 142-5.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"177","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: patterns of worldwide occurrence and the significance of familial and sporadic clustering","volume":"5","author":"Masters, C.L.; Harris, J.O.; Gajdusek, D.C.; CJ, Jr, Gibbs; Bernoulli, C.; Asher, D.M.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Masters CL, Harris JO, Gajdusek DC, Gibbs CJ Jr, Bernoulli C, Asher DM. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: patterns of worldwide occurrence and the significance of familial and sporadic clustering. Ann Neurol 1978;5:177-88.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)91424-0","article-title":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a lifelong vegetarian","volume":"ii:","author":"Matthews, W.B.; Will, R.G.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Matthews WB, Will RG. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a lifelong vegetarian. Lancet 1981;ii:937.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Chile","volume":"37","author":"Galvez, S.; Masters, C.L.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Galvez S, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC. Descriptive epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Chile. Arch Neurol 1980;37:1 1-14.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"379","article-title":"Maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob en France. Interet des formes familiales. Existe-t-il un gene gouvernant la duree de l'incubation","volume":"15","author":"Cathala, F.; Brown, P.; Chatelain, J.; Castaigne, P.; Gajdusek, D.C.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cathala F, Brown P, Chatelain J, Castaigne P, Gajdusek DC. Maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob en France. Interet des formes familiales. Existe-t-il un gene gouvernant la duree de l'incubation. Presse Mid 1986;15:379-82.","journal-title":"Presse Mid"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.51.9.1113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T04:23:29Z","timestamp":1601094209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.51.9.1113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,9,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.51.9.1113","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,9,1]]}}}