{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T21:29:23Z","timestamp":1790976563559,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.7.558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"558-563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Peripheral neuropathy profile in various groups of diabetics."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"P M","family":"Le Quesne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C J","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Parkhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1976.00500030020004","article-title":"Painful diabetic neuropathy-a morphometric study","volume":"30","author":"Brown, M.J.; Martin, JR, Asbury; A.K.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Brown MJ, Martin JR, Asbury AK. Painful diabetic neuropathy-a morphometric study. Arch Neurol 1976; 30:164-71.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/106.4.791","article-title":"Progressive centripetal degeneration of axons in small fibre diabetic polyneuropathy. A clinical and pathological study","volume":"106","author":"Said, G.; Slama, G.; Selva, J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Said G, Slama G, Selva J. Progressive centripetal degeneration of axons in small fibre diabetic polyneuropathy. A clinical and pathological study. Brain 1983;106:791-807.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1103","article-title":"Detection threshold of cutaneous sensation in humans","author":"Dyck, P.J.; Karnes, J.; O'Brien, P.C.; Zimmerman, I.R.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Dyck PJ, Karnes J, O'Brien PC, Zimmerman IR. Detection threshold of cutaneous sensation in humans. In: Dyck PJ, Thomas PK, Lambert EH, Bunge R, eds. Peripheral Neuropathy 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1984: 1103-38.","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00273859","article-title":"Evaluation of thermal and vibration sensation in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"28","author":"Guy, R.J.C.; Clare, C.A.; Malcolm, P.N.; Watkins, P.J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Guy RJC, Clare CA, Malcolm PN, Watkins PJ. Evaluation of thermal and vibration sensation in diabetic neuropathy. Diabetologia 1985;28:131-7.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.7.686","article-title":"Thermal discrimination thresholds in normal subjects and in patients with diabetic neuropathy","volume":"48","author":"Bertelsmann, F.W.; Heimans, J.J.; Weber, E.J.M.; van der Veen, E.A.; Schouten, J.A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bertelsmann FW, Heimans JJ, Weber EJM, van der Veen EA, Schouten JA. Thermal discrimination thresholds in normal subjects and in patients with diabetic neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985;48:686-90.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.10.4.441","article-title":"and large fibre involvement in early diabetic neuropathy: a study with the medial plantar response and sensory thresholds","volume":"10","author":"Levy, D.M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Levy DM, Abraham RR, Abraham RM. Small and large fibre involvement in early diabetic neuropathy: a study with the medial plantar response and sensory thresholds. Diabetes Care 1987;10:441-7.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.10.4.432","article-title":"Vibratory and cooling detection thresholds compared with other tests in dignosing and staging diabetic neuropathy","volume":"10","author":"Dyck, P.J.; Bushek, W.; Spring, E.M.; Karnes, J.L.; Litchy, W.J.; O'Brien, P.C.; Service, F.J.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dyck PJ, Bushek W, Spring EM, Karnes JL, Litchy WJ, O'Brien PC, Service FJ. Vibratory and cooling detection thresholds compared with other tests in dignosing and staging diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care 1987;10: 432-40.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-6632(88)90027-X","article-title":"Early diagnosis of diabetic small fiber neuropathy by disturbed cold perception","volume":"2","author":"Hilz, M.J.; Claus, D.; Neundorfer, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hilz MJ, Claus D, Neundorfer B. Early diagnosis of diabetic small fiber neuropathy by disturbed cold perception. J Diab Complications 1988;2:38-43.","journal-title":"J Diab Complications"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.11.6.481","article-title":"Specific assessments of warm and cool sensitivities in adult diabetic patients","volume":"11","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sosenko JM, Kato M, Soto RA, Gadia MT, Ayyar DR. Specific assessments of warm and cool sensitivities in adult diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1988;11:481-3.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.11.1420","article-title":"Evalution of thermal, pain, and vibration sensation threshold in newly diagnosed Type I diabetic patients","volume":"51","author":"Zeigler, D.; Mayer, P.; Gries, F.A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zeigler D, Mayer P, Gries FA. Evalution of thermal, pain, and vibration sensation threshold in newly diagnosed Type I diabetic patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:1420-4.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.1.94","article-title":"The extent of small fibre sensory neuropathy in diabetics with plantar foot ulceration","volume":"52","author":"Ali, Z.; Carroll, M.; Robertson, K.P.; Fowler, C.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ali Z, Carroll M, Robertson KP, Fowler CJ. The extent of small fibre sensory neuropathy in diabetics with plantar foot ulceration. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1989; 52:94-8.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880120611","article-title":"Small nerve fiber dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"12","author":"Navarro, X.; Kennedy, W.R.; Fries, T.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Navarro X, Kennedy WR, Fries TJ. Small nerve fiber dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 1989; 12:498-507.","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.11.7.592","article-title":"Report and Recommendations of the San Antonio Conference on Diabetic Neuropathy","volume":"11","year":"1988","unstructured":"Report and Recommendations of the San Antonio Conference on Diabetic Neuropathy. Diabetes Care 1988; 11:592-7.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6433.1793","article-title":"Use of a biothesiometer to measure individual vibration thresholds and their variation in 519 non-diabetic subjects","volume":"288","author":"Bloom, S.; Till, S.; Sonksen, P.; Smith, S.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bloom S, Till S, Sonksen P, Smith S. Use of a biothesiometer to measure individual vibration thresholds and their variation in 519 non-diabetic subjects. Brit Med J 1984;288:1793-5.","journal-title":"Brit Med J"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"347","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of toxic neuropathies in man","volume":"39","author":"PM, Le Quesne; CJ, Fowler","year":"1987","unstructured":"Le Quesne PM, Fowler CJ. Quantitative evaluation of toxic neuropathies in man. In: Ellingson RJ, Murray NMF, Halliday AM, eds. The London Symposium. EEG J Suppl 1987;39:347-54.","journal-title":"The London Symposium. EEG J Suppl"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref_16","first-page":"\"591A.\" # \"1211","article-title":"An assessment of the effect of age on vibration perception threshold in normal males and females","volume":"4","author":"Wardleworth, A.; Armstrong, F.M.; Bradbury, J.E.; Perkins, C.M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wardleworth A, Armstrong FM, Bradbury JE, Perkins CM. An assessment of the effect of age on vibration perception threshold in normal males and females. Diab Med 1987; 4(Suppl 6):591A. 17 Fowler CJ, Carroll MB, Burns D, Howe N. A portable system for measuring cutaneous thresholds for warming and cooling. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987; 50:1211-5.","journal-title":"Diab Med; A portable system for measuring cutaneous thresholds for warming and cooling"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.1.28","article-title":"Le Quesne PM. Quantitative objective assessment of peripheral nociceptive C fibre function","volume":"51","author":"Parkhouse, N.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Parkhouse N, Le Quesne PM. Quantitative objective assessment of peripheral nociceptive C fibre function. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:28-34.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"583","article-title":"Evaluation of skin vasomotor reflexes by using laser Doppler velocimetry","volume-title":"Mayo Clin Proc 1983; 58","author":"Low, P.A.; Neumann, C.; Duck, P.J.; Fealey, R.D.; Tuck, R.R.","unstructured":"Low PA, Neumann C, Duck PJ, Fealey RD, Tuck RR. Evaluation of skin vasomotor reflexes by using laser Doppler velocimetry. Mayo Clin Proc 1983;58:583-92."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410150514","article-title":"Quantitation of the sweating deficiency in diabetes mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Kennedy, W.R.; Sakuta, M.; Sutherland, D.; Goetz, F.C.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kennedy WR, Sakuta M, Sutherland D, Goetz FC. Quantitation of the sweating deficiency in diabetes mellitus. Ann Neurol 1984;15:482-8.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00290587","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy in the upper limb and the effect of twelve months sorbinil treatment","volume":"31","author":"Guy, R.J.C.; Gilbey, S.G.; Sheehy, M.; Asselman, P.; Watkins, P.J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Guy RJC, Gilbey SG, Sheehy M, Asselman P, Watkins PJ. Diabetic neuropathy in the upper limb and the effect of twelve months sorbinil treatment. Diabetologia 1988; 31:214-20.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805193182005","article-title":"Le Quesne PM. Impaired neurogenic vascular response in patients with diabetes and neuropathic foot lesions","volume":"318","author":"Parkhouse, N.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Parkhouse N, Le Quesne PM. Impaired neurogenic vascular response in patients with diabetes and neuropathic foot lesions. New Engl J Med 1988;318:1306-9.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.49.9.1059","article-title":"Le Quesne PM. Quantitative sweat test in diabetics with neuropathic foot lesions","volume":"49","author":"Ahmed, M.E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ahmed ME, Le Quesne PM. Quantitative sweat test in diabetics with neuropathic foot lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986;49:1059-62.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00253862","article-title":"Blood flow in the diabetic neuropathic foot","volume":"22","author":"Edmonds, M.E.; Roberts, V.C.; Watkins, P.J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Edmonds ME, Roberts VC, Watkins PJ. Blood flow in the diabetic neuropathic foot. Diabetologia 1982;22:9-15.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.9.6.648","article-title":"Diabetic autonomic neuropathy: Present insights and future prospects","volume":"9","author":"Ewing, D.J.; Clarke, B.F.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ewing DJ, Clarke BF. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy: Present insights and future prospects. Diabetes Care 1986;9:648-65.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.53.7.558","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,21]],"date-time":"2023-05-21T00:08:44Z","timestamp":1684627724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.53.7.558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.53.7.558","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]]}}}