{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:21:01Z","timestamp":1790799661304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.11.1032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"1032-1036","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Prevalence of sleep apnoea in patients over 40 years of age with spinal cord lesions."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"D J","family":"Short","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J R","family":"Stradling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S J","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-0971(88)90085-X","volume":"82","author":"Prowse, K.; Apnoea, Allen M.B.Sleep","year":"1988","unstructured":"Prowse K, Allen MB. Sleep Apnoea. Br J Dis Chest 1988;82(4):329-40.","journal-title":"Br J Dis Chest"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.me.27.020176.002341","article-title":"The sleep apnoea syndromes","volume":"27","author":"Guilleminault, C.; Tilkian, A.; Dement, W.C.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Guilleminault C, Tilkian A, Dement WC. The sleep apnoea syndromes. Ann Rev Med 1976;27:465-84.","journal-title":"Ann Rev Med"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"3","article-title":"Breathing disorders during sleep","volume":"58","author":"Stradling, JR, Phillipson; E.A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stradling JR, Phillipson EA. Breathing disorders during sleep. Quart J Med, New Series 58, 1986;225:3-18.","journal-title":"Quart J Med, New Series"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"984","article-title":"Sleep apnoea and systemic hypertension","volume":"44","author":"Stradling, JR","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stradling JR. Sleep apnoea and systemic hypertension. T'horax 1989;44:984-9.","journal-title":"T'horax"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.46.2.85","article-title":"Predictors and prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea and snoring in 1001 middleaged men","volume":"46","author":"Stradling, JR, Crosby; J.H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stradling JR, Crosby JH. Predictors and prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea and snoring in 1001 middleaged men. Thorax 1991;46:85-90.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.90.3.424","article-title":"Effect of sleep position on sleep apnea and parafunctional activity","volume":"90","author":"Phillips, B.A.; Okeson, J.; Paesani, D.; Gilmore, R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Phillips BA, Okeson J, Paesani D, Gilmore R. Effect of sleep position on sleep apnea and parafunctional activity. Chest 1986;90:424-9.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/7.2.110","article-title":"Effect of sleep position on sleep apnea severity","volume":"7","author":"Cartwright, R.D.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cartwright RD. Effect of sleep position on sleep apnea severity. Sleep 1984;7:110-4.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"835","article-title":"Role of daytime hypoxaemia in the pathogenesis of right heart failure in the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome","volume":"131","author":"Bradley, T.D.; Rutherford, R.; Grossman, R.F.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bradley TD, Rutherford R, Grossman RF, et al. Role of daytime hypoxaemia in the pathogenesis of right heart failure in the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Am Rev Resp Dis 1985;131:835-9.","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.40.8.613","article-title":"The contribution of the rib cage to breathing in tetraplegia","volume":"40","author":"Morgan, M.D.L.; Gourlay, A.R.; Silver, JR, Williams; SJ, Denison; D.M.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Morgan MDL, Gourlay AR, Silver JR, Williams SJ, Denison DM. The contribution of the rib cage to breathing in tetraplegia. Thorax 1985;40:613-17.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref_10","first-page":"179","article-title":"The value of postural reduction in the initial management of closed injuries of the spine with paraplegia and tetraplegia","volume":"1969","author":"Frankel, H.L.; Hancock, D.O.; Hyslop, G.","unstructured":"Frankel HL, Hancock DO, Hyslop G, et al. The value of postural reduction in the initial management of closed injuries of the spine with paraplegia and tetraplegia. Paraplegia 1969;7:179-92.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"A manual of standardised terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects","author":"Rechtschaffen, A.; Kales, A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Rechtschaffen A, Kales A. A manual of standardised terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. Washington, DC: Public Health Service, US Government Printing Office, 1986."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.42.11.892","article-title":"Evaluation of the Ohmeda 3700 pulse Oximeter","volume":"42","author":"Warley, A.R.; Mitchell, J.H.; Stradling, JR","year":"1987","unstructured":"Warley AR, Mitchell JH, Stradling JR. Evaluation of the Ohmeda 3700 pulse Oximeter. Thorax 1987;42:892-6.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.89.4.533","article-title":"Ear oximetry to detect apnoea and differentiate rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. Screening for the sleep apnoea syndrome","volume":"89","author":"Farney, R.J.; Walker, L.E.; Jensen, R.L.; Walker, J.M.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Farney RJ, Walker LE, Jensen RL, Walker JM. Ear oximetry to detect apnoea and differentiate rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. Screening for the sleep apnoea syndrome. Chest 1986;89:533-9.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.5.1238","article-title":"Identification and quantification of apnoeas by computer-based analysis of oxygen saturation","volume":"137","author":"George, C.F.; Millar, T.W.; Kryger, M.H.","year":"1988","unstructured":"George CF, Millar TW, Kryger MH. Identification and quantification of apnoeas by computer-based analysis of oxygen saturation. Am Rev Resp Dis 1988;137:1238-40.","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.4.895","article-title":"The sleep hypopnoea syndrome","volume":"137","author":"Gould, G.A.; Whyte, K.F.; Rhind, G.B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gould GA, Whyte KF, Rhind GB, et al. The sleep hypopnoea syndrome. Am Rev Resp Dis 1988;137: 895-8.","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"ref_16","article-title":"Statistics with confidence","author":"Gardner, M.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gardner MJ, Altman DG, Eds. Statistics with confidence. London: British Medical Association, 1989. Chapter 4."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"46","article-title":"Cardiovascular aspects of autonomic dysreflexia since Guttmann and Whitteridge","volume":"17","author":"Frankel, H.L.; Mathias, C.J.","year":"1947","unstructured":"Frankel HL, Mathias CJ. Cardiovascular aspects of autonomic dysreflexia since Guttmann and Whitteridge (1947). Paraplegia 1979;17:46-51.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/61.12.1737","article-title":"Respiratory treatment of the adult patient with spinal cord injury","volume":"61","author":"Alvarez, S.E.; Peterson, M.; Lunsford, B.R.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Alvarez SE, Peterson M, Lunsford BR. Respiratory treatment of the adult patient with spinal cord injury. Phys Ther 1981;61: 1737-45.","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"392","article-title":"Obstructive disordered breathing during sleep in patients with spinal cord injury","volume":"28","author":"Bonekat, H.W.; Andersen, G.; Squires, J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bonekat HW, Andersen G, Squires J. Obstructive disordered breathing during sleep in patients with spinal cord injury. Paraplegia 1990;28:392-8.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"302","article-title":"Oxygen saturation during sleep in patients with spinal cord injury","volume":"61","author":"Braun, SR, Giovannoni; R, Levin; AB, Harvey; R.F.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Braun SR, Giovannoni R, Levin AB, Harvey RF. Oxygen saturation during sleep in patients with spinal cord injury. Am Phys Med 1982;61:302-9.","journal-title":"Am Phys Med"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198801000-00029","article-title":"Sleep apnea syndrome after spinal cord injury","volume":"13","author":"Star, A.M.; Osterman, A.L.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Star AM, Osterman AL. Sleep apnea syndrome after spinal cord injury. Spine 1988;13:116-7.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"432","article-title":"Sleep apnoea and respiratory disturbances in multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure","author":"Chokroverty, S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chokroverty S. Sleep apnoea and respiratory disturbances in multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure. In: Bannister R, ed. Autonomic failure, 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications, 1988:432-50.","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1968.00480040043003","article-title":"EEG sleep patterns after high cervical lesions in man","volume":"19","author":"AdeyWR, Bors E.; RW, Porter","year":"1968","unstructured":"AdeyWR, Bors E, Porter RW. EEG sleep patterns after high cervical lesions in man. Arch Neurol 1968;19:377-83.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.11.1032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:38:56Z","timestamp":1601087936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.11.1032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,11,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.11.1032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,11,1]]}}}