{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T11:58:22Z","timestamp":1762430302572},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.12.1116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"1116-1120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Motor neuron disease and polio in Scotland."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"R J","family":"Swingler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C P","family":"Warlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105163242001","article-title":"Linkage of a gene causing familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to chromosome 21 and evidence of genetic-locus heterogeneity","volume":"324","author":"Siddique, T.; Figlewicz, D.; Pericak-Vance, M.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Siddique T, Figlewicz D, Pericak-Vance MA, et al. Linkage of a gene causing familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to chromosome 21 and evidence of genetic-locus heterogeneity. New Engl Med 1991;324: 1381-4.","journal-title":"New Engl Med"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"180","article-title":"What causes MND? (letter)","volume":"337","author":"Hawkes, C.H.; Graham, A.J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hawkes CH, Graham AJ. What causes MND? (letter). Lancet 1991;337:180.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520260077025","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-recent advances in pathogenesis and therapeutic trials","volume":"45","author":"Mitsumoto, H.; Hanson, M.R.; Chad, D.A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mitsumoto H, Hanson MR, Chad DA. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-recent advances in pathogenesis and therapeutic trials. Arch Neurol 1988;45:189-202.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"225","article-title":"(with contribution by Charcot JM): Paralysie essentiele de l'enfance: atrophie musculaire consecutive","volume":"4","author":"Raymond, M.","unstructured":"Raymond M (with contribution by Charcot JM): Paralysie essentiele de l'enfance: atrophie musculaire consecutive, 4th series, vol 4. Gaz Med Paris 1875:225-6.","edition":"4th series","journal-title":"Gaz Med Paris"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref_5","first-page":"31","article-title":"A case of progressive muscular atrophy occurring in a man who had had acute poliomyeltis nineteen years previously, with a review of the literature bearing upon the relations of infantile paralysis to the spinal diseases of later life","volume":"1903","author":"Potts, C.S.","unstructured":"Potts CS. A case of progressive muscular atrophy occurring in a man who had had acute poliomyeltis nineteen years previously, with a review of the literature bearing upon the relations of infantile paralysis to the spinal diseases of later life. Univ Pa Med Bull 1903;16:31-7.","journal-title":"Univ Pa Med Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref_6","first-page":"35","article-title":"The relation between chronic anterior poliomyelitis or progressive spinal muscular atrophy and an antecedent attack of acute anterior poliomyelitis","volume":"1935","author":"Salman, L.A.; Riley, H.A.","unstructured":"Salman LA, Riley HA. The relation between chronic anterior poliomyelitis or progressive spinal muscular atrophy and an antecedent attack of acute anterior poliomyelitis. Bull Neurol Inst NY 1935;4:35-63.","journal-title":"Bull Neurol Inst NY"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1028","volume-title":"Untitled discussion. Proc R Soc Med 1962","volume":"55","author":"Zilkha, K.J.","unstructured":"Zilkha KJ. Untitled discussion. Proc R Soc Med 1962;55: 1028-9."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"286","article-title":"The frequency of preceding poliomyelitis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"1969","author":"Poskanzer, D.C.; Cantor, H.M.; Kaplan, G.S.","unstructured":"Poskanzer DC, Cantor HM, Kaplan GS. The frequency of preceding poliomyelitis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In: Norris FH, Kurland LT, eds. Motor Neuron Disease. NewYork: Grune and Stratton, 1969:286-90.","journal-title":"Motor Neuron Disease. NewYork: Grune and Stratton"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114308","article-title":"A case-control study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"123","author":"Deapen, D.M.; Henderson, B.E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Deapen DM, Henderson BE. A case-control study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Am Epidemiol 1986; 123:790-9.","journal-title":"Am Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref_10","article-title":"Scottish Home and Health Department. Immunisation against infectious disease","author":"Department of Health and Social Security, Welsh Office","year":"1988","unstructured":"Department of Health and Social Security, Welsh Office, Scottish Home and Health Department. Immunisation against infectious disease. London: HMS0, 1988."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)92129-0","article-title":"Motoneurone disease and past poliomyelitis in England and Wales","volume":"i:","author":"Martyn, C.N.; Barker, D.J.P.; Osmond, C.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Martyn CN, Barker DJP, Osmond C. Motoneurone disease and past poliomyelitis in England and Wales. Lancet 1988;i: 1319-22.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00315655","article-title":"Poliovirus and motor neurone disease","volume":"237","author":"Martyn, C.N.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Martyn CN. Poliovirus and motor neurone disease. J Neurol 1990;237:336-8.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1969","article-title":"Agency of the Scottish Health Service. Scottish hospital in-patient statistics, 1968-1987","author":"Common Services","unstructured":"Common Services Agency of the Scottish Health Service. Scottish hospital in-patient statistics, 1968-1987. Edinburgh: Common Services Agency, 1969-88."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1932","article-title":"Annual reports, 1931-1987","author":"Scottish Home and Health Department","unstructured":"Scottish Home and Health Department. Annual reports, 1931-1987. Edinburgh: HMSO, 1932-88."},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"International mortality statistics","author":"Alderson, M.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Alderson M. International mortality statistics. London: Macmillan, 1981."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1932","article-title":"Annual Reports, 1931-1987","author":"General, Registrar; Scotland","unstructured":"Registrar General, Scotland. Annual Reports, 1931-1987. Edinburgh HMSO, 1932-88."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"1969","article-title":"Annual estimates of population 1968-87","author":"General, Registrar; Scotland","unstructured":"Registrar General, Scotland. Annual estimates of population 1968-87. Edinburgh: HMSO, 1969-88."},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"Census of Scotland, 1931","author":"General, Registrar; Scotland","year":"1932","unstructured":"Registrar General, Scotland. Census of Scotland, 1931. Edinburgh: HMSO, 1932."},{"key":"ref_19","author":"General, Registrar; of Scotland, Scotland Census","year":"1981","unstructured":"Registrar General, Scotland. Census of Scotland, 1981. Edinburgh: HMSO, 1932."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"223","article-title":"Geigy scientific tables","author":"Lentner, C.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lentner C. Geigy scientific tables. Basle: Ciba Geigy 1982: 223-4."},{"key":"ref_21","article-title":"An introduction to epidemiology","author":"Alderson, M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Alderson M. An introduction to epidemiology. London: Macmillan, 1983."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"40","article-title":"The Chief Scientist reports... Review of computer mapping of health data","volume":"47","author":"Nimmo, A.W.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nimmo AW. The Chief Scientist reports... Review of computer mapping of health data. Health Bull 1989; 47:40-53.","journal-title":"Health Bull"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.40.4.344","article-title":"Motor neurone disease in the Lothian Region of Scotland 1961-1981","volume":"40","author":"Holloway, S.M.; Mitchell, J.D.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Holloway SM, Mitchell JD. Motor neurone disease in the Lothian Region of Scotland 1961-1981. J Epidemiolog Commun Health 1986;40:344-50.","journal-title":"J Epidemiolog Commun Health"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880050209","article-title":"The epidemiology of motor neuron disease in Scotland","volume":"5","author":"Holloway, S.M.; Emery, A.E.H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Holloway SM, Emery AEH. The epidemiology of motor neuron disease in Scotland. Musc Nerve 1982;5:131-3.","journal-title":"Musc Nerve"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.41.1.14","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and motor neurone disease: survival and how certified after death","volume":"41","author":"O'Malley, Dean G.; M, Elian","year":"1987","unstructured":"O'Malley, Dean G, Elian M. Multiple sclerosis and motor neurone disease: survival and how certified after death. 7 Epidemiol Commun Health 1987;41:14-7.","journal-title":"7 Epidemiol Commun Health"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.41.1.18","article-title":"Incidence of motor neurone disease in the northern region","volume":"41","author":"Qizilbash, N.; Bates, D.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Qizilbash N, Bates D. Incidence of motor neurone disease in the northern region. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1987;41: 18-20.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Commun Health"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.7.911","article-title":"Geographical distribution of motor neurone disease and correlation with possible etiological factors","volume":"33","author":"Bharucha, N.E.; Schoenberg, B.S.; Raven, R.H.; Pickle, L.W.; Byar, D.P.; Manson, T.J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bharucha NE, Schoenberg BS, Raven RH, Pickle LW, Byar DP, Manson TJ. Geographical distribution of motor neurone disease and correlation with possible etiological factors. Neurology 1983;33:911-5.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92218-6","article-title":"Rising mortality from motoneuron disease in the USA, 1962-1984","volume":"i:","author":"Lilienfeld, D.E.; Chan, E.; Ehland, J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lilienfeld DE, Chan E, Ehland J, et al. Rising mortality from motoneuron disease in the USA, 1962-1984. Lancet 1989;i:710-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92661-5","article-title":"Rising mortality from motoneuron disease","volume":"i:","author":"Flaten, T.P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Flaten TP. Rising mortality from motoneuron disease. Lancet 1989;i:1018-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"958","article-title":"Trends in mortality from motoneuron disease","volume":"i:","author":"Swash, M.; Schwartz, M.S.; Li, T.-M.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Swash M, Schwartz MS, Li T-M. Trends in mortality from motoneuron disease. Lancet 1989;i:958.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1990.00530070019005","article-title":"Two decades of increasing mortality from Parkinson's disease in the elderly","volume":"47","author":"Lilienfeld, D.E.; Chan, E.; Ehland, J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lilienfeld DE, Chan E, Ehland J, et al. Two decades of increasing mortality from Parkinson's disease in the elderly. Arch Neurol 1990;47:731-4.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(57)91042-5","article-title":"Social patterns of antibody to poliovirus","volume":"i:","author":"Backett, E.M.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Backett EM. Social patterns of antibody to poliovirus. Lancet 1957;i:778.","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.12.1116","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:39:09Z","timestamp":1601087949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.12.1116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.12.1116","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]}}}