{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:57:23Z","timestamp":1761807443095},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,2,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.2.98","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"98-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Non-invasive diagnosis of internal carotid artery dissections."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"W","family":"Mullges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E B","family":"Ringelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Leibold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Dissections of cervical and cerebral arteries","volume-title":"Neurologic clinics vol 1","author":"Hart, R.G.; Easton, J.D.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hart RG, Easton JD. Dissections of cervical and cerebral arteries. In: Barnett HSM, ed. Neurologic clinics vol 1. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1983:155-82."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190204","article-title":"Piepgras DG. Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery","volume":"19","author":"Mokri, B.; Sundt, T.M.; Houser, O.W.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mokri B, Sundt TM, Houser OW, Piepgras DG. Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. Ann Neurol 1986;19:126-38.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.2.393","article-title":"Spontaneous dissection ofthe cervical internal carotid artery: correlation of arteriography, CT, and pathology","volume":"148","author":"Petro, G.R.; Witwer, G.A.; Hodge, C.J.; Bredenberg, C.E.; Jastremski, M.S.; Kieffer, S.A.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Petro GR, Witwer GA, Hodge CJ, Bredenberg CE, Jastremski MS, Kieffer SA. Spontaneous dissection ofthe cervical internal carotid artery: correlation of arteriography, CT, and pathology. AJR 1987;148:393-8.","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"702","article-title":"Etude ultrasonique de 22 dissections carotidiennes","volume":"145","author":"deBray JM; F, Dubas; PA, Joseph; H, Causeret; JP, Pasquier; J, Emile","year":"1989","unstructured":"deBray JM, Dubas F, Joseph PA, Causeret H, Pasquier JP, Emile J. Etude ultrasonique de 22 dissections carotidiennes. Rev Neurol 1989;145:702-9.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"Intracranial hemodynamics in patients with spontaneous carotid dissection: transcranial ultrasound follow-up studies","author":"Kaps, M.; Dorndorf, W.; Damian, M.S.; Agnoli, L.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kaps M, Dorndorf W, Damian MS, Agnoli L. Intracranial hemodynamics in patients with spontaneous carotid dissection: transcranial ultrasound follow-up studies. Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci 1990; in press.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"1181","article-title":"Role of the intimal flap in arterial dissection: sonographic demonstration","volume":"15","author":"Kotval, P.S.; Babu, S.C.; Cozzi, A.; Barakat, K.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kotval PS, Babu SC, Cozzi A, Barakat K. Role of the intimal flap in arterial dissection: sonographic demonstration. AJR 1988;15O:1181-2.","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"27","article-title":"Continuous-wave doppler sonography of the extracranial brain-supplying arteries","volume-title":"Noninvasive imaging of cerebrovascular disease","author":"Ringelstein, E.B.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ringelstein EB. Continuous-wave doppler sonography of the extracranial brain-supplying arteries. In: Weinberger J, ed. Noninvasive imaging of cerebrovascular disease. New York: Alan R Liss, 1989:27-48."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"115","article-title":"Hematomes dissequants spontanes successifs a 3 ans et demi d'intervalle des deux arteres carotides internes","volume":"143","author":"Rohr, J.; Gauthier, G.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rohr J, Gauthier G. Hematomes dissequants spontanes successifs a 3 ans et demi d'intervalle des deux arteres carotides internes. Rev Neurol 1987;143:115-20.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref_9","first-page":"1869","article-title":"Diagnose und Verlauf von Carotisdissektionen","volume":"1","author":"Steinke, W.; Aulich, A.; Hennerici, M.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Steinke W, Aulich A, Hennerici M. Diagnose und Verlauf von Carotisdissektionen. Dtsch Med WSchr 1989;1 14:1869-75.","journal-title":"Dtsch Med WSchr"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1987.00520140009010","article-title":"Spontaneous carotid dissection with acute stroke","volume":"44","author":"Bogousslavsky, J.; Despland, P.A.; Regli, F.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bogousslavsky J, Despland PA, Regli F. Spontaneous carotid dissection with acute stroke. Arch Neurol 1987;44:137-40.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198911000-00010","article-title":"Lower cranial nerve palsy due to dissection of the internal carotid artery: CT and MR imaging","volume":"13","year":"1989","unstructured":"DalPozzo G, Mascalchi M, Fonda C, Cadelo M, Ronchi 0, Inzitari D. Lower cranial nerve palsy due to dissection of the internal carotid artery: CT and MR imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1989;13:989-95.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"355","article-title":"Examination of the extracranial bifurcation by thin-section dynamic CT: direct visualization of intimal atheroma in man","volume":"5","author":"Heinz, E.R.; Pizer, S.M.; Fuchs, H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Heinz ER, Pizer SM, Fuchs H. Examination of the extracranial bifurcation by thin-section dynamic CT: direct visualization of intimal atheroma in man. AJNR 1984;5:355-9.","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.5.0792","article-title":"CT demonstration of spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection","volume":"63","author":"Lubbers, D.J.; Tomsick, T.A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lubbers DJ, Tomsick TA. CT demonstration of spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection. J Neurosurg 1985;63:792-3.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.158.1.3940374","article-title":"Cervical internal carotid artery dissecting hemorrhage: diagnosis using MR","volume":"158","author":"Goldberg, H.I.; Grossman, R.I.; Gomori, J.M.; Asbury, A.K.; Bilaniuk, L.T.; Zimmerman, R.A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Goldberg HI, Grossman RI, Gomori JM, Asbury AK, Bilaniuk LT, Zimmerman RA. Cervical internal carotid artery dissecting hemorrhage: diagnosis using MR. Radiology 1986;158:157-61.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.19.9.1151","article-title":"Spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection presenting as hypoglossal nerve palsy","volume":"19","author":"Lieschke, G.J.; Davis, S.; Tress, B.M.; Ebeling, P.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lieschke GJ, Davis S, Tress BM, Ebeling P. Spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection presenting as hypoglossal nerve palsy. Stroke 1988;19:1151-5.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"75","article-title":"A practical guide to transcranial Dopplersonography","volume-title":"Noninvasive imaging of cerebrovascular disease","author":"Ringelstein, E.B.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ringelstein EB. A practical guide to transcranial Dopplersonography. In: Weinberger J, ed. Noninvasive imaging of cerebrovascular disease. New York: Alan R Liss, 1989: 75-121."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260612","article-title":"Computed tomographic patterns of proven embolic brain infarctions","volume":"26","author":"Ringelstein, E.B.; Koschorke, S.; Holling, A.; Thron, A.; Lambertz, H.; Minale, C.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ringelstein EB, Koschorke S, Holling A, Thron A, Lambertz H, Minale C. Computed tomographic patterns of proven embolic brain infarctions. Ann Neurol 1989;26:759-65.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.6.867","article-title":"The pathogenesis of strokes from internal carotid artery occlusion. Diagnostic and therapeutical implications","volume":"14","author":"Ringelstein, E.B.; Zeumer, H.; Angelou, D.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ringelstein EB, Zeumer H, Angelou D. The pathogenesis of strokes from internal carotid artery occlusion. Diagnostic and therapeutical implications. Stroke 1983;14: 867-75.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-4305-6","article-title":"Reutern von GM. Free hand Doppler techniques for the examination of the extracranial arteries with continuous wave Doppler","volume-title":"Ultrasonic diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. Doppler techniques and pulse echo imaging","author":"Spencer, M.P.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Reutern von GM. Free hand Doppler techniques for the examination of the extracranial arteries with continuous wave Doppler. In: Spencer MP, ed. Ultrasonic diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. Doppler techniques and pulse echo imaging. Dordrecht, Boston, Lancaster: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987:157-77."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.60.1.0032","article-title":"Musical murmurs in human cerebral arteries after subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"60","author":"Aaslid, R.; Nornes, H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Aaslid R, Nornes H. Musical murmurs in human cerebral arteries after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 1984;60:32-6.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00313032","article-title":"Patterns of brain infarctions in internal carotid artery dissections","volume":"14","author":"Weiller, C.; Mullges, W.; Ringelstein, E.B.; Bull, U.; Biniek, R.; Reiche, W.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weiller C, Mullges W, Ringelstein EB, Bull U, Biniek R, Reiche W. Patterns of brain infarctions in internal carotid artery dissections. Neurosurg Rev 1991;14:111-13.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"263","article-title":"Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery associated with fibromuscular dysplasia","volume":"46","author":"Anderson, C.A.; GJ, jr, Collins; Rich, N.M.; McDonald, P.T.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Anderson CA, Collins GJ jr, Rich NM, McDonald PT. Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery associated with fibromuscular dysplasia. Am Surg 1980;46:263-6.","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"312","article-title":"Nonatheromatous lesions of the extracranial cerebral arteries","volume-title":"and the extracranial vessels","author":"Correll, J.W.; Quest, D.O.; Carpenter, D.B.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Correll JW, Quest DO, Carpenter DB. Nonatheromatous lesions of the extracranial cerebral arteries. In: Smith RR, ed. Stroke and the extracranial vessels. New York: Raven Press, 1984:312-31."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.13.1.53","article-title":"Fibromuscular dysplasia and the brain: current concept of the disease","volume":"13","author":"Mettinger, K.L.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mettinger KL. Fibromuscular dysplasia and the brain: current concept of the disease. Stroke 1982;13:53-8.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.8.5.617","article-title":"Angiographic spectrum of cervical and intracranial fibromuscular dysplasia","volume":"8","author":"Osborne, A.G.; Anderson, R.E.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Osborne AG, Anderson RE. Angiographic spectrum of cervical and intracranial fibromuscular dysplasia. Stroke 1977;8:617-26.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"205","article-title":"Marfan's syndrome with unusual blood vessel manifestations: primary medionecrosis dissection of right innominate, right carotid, and left carotid arteries","volume":"64","author":"Austin, M.B.; Schaefer, R.F.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Austin MB, Schaefer RF. Marfan's syndrome with unusual blood vessel manifestations: primary medionecrosis dissection of right innominate, right carotid, and left carotid arteries. Arch Pathol 1957;64:205-9.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/26.CN_suppl_1.353","article-title":"Spontaneous dissecting aneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery","volume":"26","author":"MG, III, Luken; GF, jr, Ascherl; JW, Correll; SK, Hilal","year":"1979","unstructured":"Luken MG III, Ascherl GF jr, Correll JW, Hilal SK. Spontaneous dissecting aneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery. Clin Neurosurg 1979;26:353-5.","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"issue":"35","key":"ref_28","article-title":"Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid arteries: clinical presentation, angiographic features and outcome","volume":"1985","author":"Shuster, E.; Mokri, B.; Sundt, T.M.; Houser, O.W.; Piepgras, D.","unstructured":"Shuster E, Mokri B, Sundt TM, Houser OW, Piepgras D. Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid arteries: clinical presentation, angiographic features and outcome. Neurology 1985;35:suppl 1:212.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1983.04050090089016","article-title":"Hemilingual paralysis by spontaneous carotid artery dissection","volume":"40","author":"Goodman, J.M.; Zink, W.L.; Cooper, D.F.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Goodman JM, Zink WL, Cooper DF. Hemilingual paralysis by spontaneous carotid artery dissection. Arch Neurol 1983;40:653-4.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1988.68.2.0189","article-title":"Traumatic dissections of the extracranial internal carotid artery","volume":"68","author":"Mokri, B.; Piepgras, D.G.; Houser, O.W.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mokri B, Piepgras DG, Houser OW. Traumatic dissections of the extracranial internal carotid artery. J Neurosurg 1988;68: 189-97.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"818-20","key":"ref_31","first-page":"32","article-title":"Horner's syndrome and headache due to carotid artery disease","volume":"1","author":"West, T.E.T.; Davies, R.J.; Kelly, R.E.","year":"1976","unstructured":"West TET, Davies RJ, Kelly RE. Horner's syndrome and headache due to carotid artery disease. Br Med J 1976;1:818-20, 32","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.137.2.7433672","article-title":"Spontaneous dissection of the carotid artery","volume":"137","author":"O'Dwyer, J.A.; Moscow, N.; Trevor, R.; Ehrenfeld, W.K.; Newton, T.H.","year":"1980","unstructured":"O'Dwyer JA, Moscow N, Trevor R, Ehrenfeld WK, Newton TH. Spontaneous dissection of the carotid artery. Radiology 1980;137:379-85.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"89","article-title":"Nebenwirkungen und Komplikationen bei neuroradiologischen Kontrastuntersuchungen","volume":"37","author":"Rieger, P.; Piepgras, U.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Rieger P, Piepgras U. Nebenwirkungen und Komplikationen bei neuroradiologischen Kontrastuntersuchungen. RoPraxis 1984;37:89-98.","journal-title":"RoPraxis"},{"issue":"203","key":"ref_34","first-page":"159","article-title":"Joint study of extracranial arterial occlusion","volume":"1968","author":"Hass, W.K.; Fields, W.S.; North, R.R.; Kricheff, II, Chase; NE, Bauer; R.B.","unstructured":"Hass WK, Fields WS, North RR, Kricheff II, Chase NE, Bauer RB. Joint study of extracranial arterial occlusion. JAMA 1968;203:159-66.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00455734","article-title":"The so-called atheromatous pseudoocclusion of the internal carotid artery. A diagnostic and therapeutical challenge","volume":"25","author":"Ringelstein, E.B.; Berg-Dammer, E.; Zeumer, H.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ringelstein EB, Berg-Dammer E, Zeumer H. The so-called atheromatous pseudoocclusion of the internal carotid artery. A diagnostic and therapeutical challenge. Neuroradiology 1983;25:147-55.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.56.1.0073","article-title":"Spontaneous resolution of occlusive lesions of the carotid artery","volume":"56","author":"Kapp, J.P.; Smith, R.R.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kapp JP, Smith RR. Spontaneous resolution of occlusive lesions of the carotid artery. J Neurosurg 1982;56:73-9.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1986.00520120019010","article-title":"Cervicocephalic arterial dissections","volume":"43","author":"Biller, J.; Hingtgen, W.L.; HP, jr, Adams; Smoker, W.R.K.; Godersky, J.C.; Toffol, G.J.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Biller J, Hingtgen WL, Adams HP jr, Smoker WRK, Godersky JC, Toffol GJ. Cervicocephalic arterial dissections. Arch Neurol 1986;43:1234-8.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.2.98","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:39:37Z","timestamp":1601087977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.2.98"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,2,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.55.2.98","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,2,1]]}}}