{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T19:30:47Z","timestamp":1775676647572,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.4.372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"372-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Nature and incidence of peripheral nerve syndromes in HIV infection."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"G N","family":"Fuller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R J","family":"Guiloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260504","article-title":"Low prevalence of neurological and neuropsychological abnormalities in otherwise healthy HIV-1-infected individuals: results from the multicenter AIDS cohort study","volume":"26","author":"McArthur, J.C.; Cohen, B.A.; Selnes, O.A.; Kumar, A.J.; Cooper, K.; McArthur, J.H.","year":"1989","unstructured":"McArthur JC, Cohen BA, Selnes OA, Kumar AJ, Cooper K, McArthur JH, et al. Low prevalence of neurological and neuropsychological abnormalities in otherwise healthy HIV-1-infected individuals: results from the multicenter AIDS cohort study. Ann Neurol 1989;26:601-1 1.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520330023005","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Prevalance and clinical features from a population-based survey","volume":"45","author":"So, Y.T.; Holtzman, D.M.; Abrams, D.I.; Olney, R.K.","year":"1988","unstructured":"So YT, Holtzman DM, Abrams DI, Olney RK. Peripheral neuropathy associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Prevalance and clinical features from a population-based survey. Arch Neurol 1988;45:945-8.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"The peripheral nervous system in HIV infection: a clinical, electrophysiological and pathological study","author":"Fuller, G.N.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fuller GN. The peripheral nervous system in HIV infection: a clinical, electrophysiological and pathological study [dissertation]. London: University of London, 1990."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control. Revision of the CDC surveillance case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"36","year":"1987","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control. Revision of the CDC surveillance case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR 1987;36:1-15S.","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/108.4.897","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative morphology of human sural nerve at different ages","volume":"108","author":"Jacobs, J.M.; Love, S.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Jacobs JM, Love S. Qualitative and quantitative morphology of human sural nerve at different ages. Brain 1985;108:897-924.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00334508","article-title":"Axonal atrophy in the painful peripheral neuropathy in AIDS","volume":"81","author":"Fuller, G.N.; Jacobs, J.M.; Guiloff, R.J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fuller GN, Jacobs JM, Guiloff RJ. Axonal atrophy in the painful peripheral neuropathy in AIDS. Acta Neuropathologica 1990;81: 198-203.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathologica"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.4.318","article-title":"Subclinical peripheral nerve involvement in AIDS: an electrophysiological and pathological study","volume":"54","author":"Fuller, G.N.; Jacobs, J.M.; Guiloff, R.J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fuller GN, Jacobs JM, Guiloff RJ. Subclinical peripheral nerve involvement in AIDS: an electrophysiological and pathological study.. Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991;54:318-24.","journal-title":"Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90952-5","article-title":"Association of painful peripheral neuropathy in AIDS with cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"ii:","author":"Fuller, G.N.; Jacobs, J.M.; Guiloff, R.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fuller GN, Jacobs JM, Guiloff RJ. Association of painful peripheral neuropathy in AIDS with cytomegalovirus infection. Lancet 1989;ii:937-41.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"48","article-title":"Ganciclovir for lumbosacral polyradiculopathy in AIDS","volume":"335","author":"Fuller, G.N.; Gill, S.K.; Guiloff, R.J.; Kapoor, R.; Lucas, S.B.; Sinclair, E.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fuller GN, Gill SK, Guiloff RJ, Kapoor R, Lucas SB, Sinclair E, et al. Ganciclovir for lumbosacral polyradiculopathy in AIDS. Latncet 1990;335:48-9.","journal-title":"Latncet"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410140404","article-title":"Neurological complications of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: analysis of 50 patients","volume":"14","author":"Snider, W.D.; Simpson, D.M.; Nielsen, S.; Gold, J.W.; Metroka, C.E.; Posner, J.B.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Snider WD, Simpson DM, Nielsen S, Gold JW, Metroka CE, Posner JB. Neurological complications of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: analysis of 50 patients. Anal Neurol 1983;14:403-18.","journal-title":"Anal Neurol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.4.0475","article-title":"Neurological manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): experience at UCSF and review of the literature","volume":"62","author":"Levy, R.M.; Bredesen, D.E.; Rosenblum, M.L.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Levy RM, Bredesen DE, Rosenblum ML. Neurological manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): experience at UCSF and review of the literature. J Neurosurg 1985;62:475-95.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.5.794","article-title":"Predominantly sensory neuropathy in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex","volume":"38","author":"Cornblath, D.R.; McArthur, J.C.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cornblath DR, McArthur JC. Predominantly sensory neuropathy in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. Neurology 1988;38:794-6.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.6.886","article-title":"Sensory motor neuropathy associated with AIDS","volume":"38","author":"Bailey, R.O.; Baltch, A.L.; Venkatesh, R.; Singh, J.K.; Bishop, M.B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bailey RO, Baltch AL, Venkatesh R, Singh JK, Bishop MB. Sensory motor neuropathy associated with AIDS. Neurology 1988;38:886-91.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_14","first-page":"857","article-title":"Kiprov ciated D. The spectrum with ARC and ofApIeDrSip.herMalusncelueropanaitdhy asso- Nerve","volume":"1","author":"Miller, R.G.; Parry, G.J.; Pfaeffl, W.; Lang, W.; Lippert, R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Miller RG, Parry GJ, Pfaeffl W, Lang W, Lippert R, Kiprov ciated D. The spectrum with ARC and ofApIeDrSip.herMalusncelueropanaitdhy asso- Nerve 1988;1 1:857-63."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520340038008","article-title":"The neuromuscular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infections","volume":"45","author":"Lange, D.J.; Britton, C.B.; Younger, D.S.; Hays, A.P.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lange DJ, Britton CB, Younger DS, Hays AP. The neuromuscular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infections. Arch Neurol 1988;45: 1084-8.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.4.569","article-title":"Ganciclovir in the treatment of progressive AIDS-related polyradiculopathy","volume":"40","author":"Miller, R.G.; Storey, JR, Greco; C.M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Miller RG, Storey JR, Greco CM. Ganciclovir in the treatment of progressive AIDS-related polyradiculopathy. Neurology 1990;40:569-74.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00294659","article-title":"Severe neuropathy in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Evidence for widespread cytomegalovirus infection of peripheral nerve and human immunodeficiency virus-like immunoreactivity of anterior horn cells","volume":"79","author":"Robert, M.E.; Geraghty, J.J.; Miles, S.A.; Cornford, M.E.; Vinters, H.V.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Robert ME, Geraghty JJ, Miles SA, Cornford ME, Vinters HV. Severe neuropathy in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Evidence for widespread cytomegalovirus infection of peripheral nerve and human immunodeficiency virus-like immunoreactivity of anterior horn cells. Acta Neuropathologica 1989;79:255-61.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathologica"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"143","article-title":"Polyradiculopathy and sensory ganglionitis due to cytomegalovirus in acquired immune deficiency syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Budzilovich, G.N.; Avitabile, A.; Niedt, G.; Aleksic, S.N.; Rosenblum, M.K.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Budzilovich GN, Avitabile A, Niedt G, Aleksic SN, Rosenblum MK. Polyradiculopathy and sensory ganglionitis due to cytomegalovirus in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Progress in Aids Pathology 1989;1: 143-57."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.3.324","article-title":"Natuire and inicidence ofperipheral tnerve synidronmes in HIV inifection Fletcher MA, Norenberg M. Multiple sclerosis-like illness occurring with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"39","author":"Berger, JR, Sheremata; WA, Resnick; L, Atherton; S.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Berger JR, Sheremata WA, Resnick L, Atherton S, Natuire and inicidence ofperipheral tnerve synidronmes in HIV inifection Fletcher MA, Norenberg M. Multiple sclerosis-like illness occurring with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Neurology 1989;39: 324-9.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"451","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathies in human immunodeficiency virus infection. A prospective study of 56 patients","volume":"145","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gastaut JL, Gastaut JA, Pellissier JF, Tapko JB, Weill 0. Peripheral neuropathies in human immunodeficiency virus infection. A prospective study of 56 patients. Rev Neuirol 1989;145:451-9.","journal-title":"Rev Neuirol"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"452","article-title":"The spectrum of changes on 20 sural nerve biopsies in patients with HIV. Muscle anzd Nerve","volume":"12","author":"Chaunu, M.P.; Ratinahirana, H.; Raphael, M.; Henin, D.; Leport, C.; Brun-Vezinet, F.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Chaunu MP, Ratinahirana H, Raphael M, Henin D, Leport C, Brun-Vezinet F, et al. The spectrum of changes on 20 sural nerve biopsies in patients with HIV. Muscle anzd Nerve 1989;12:452-9."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.12.1369","article-title":"The spectrum of polyneuropathies in patients infected with HIV","volume":"52","author":"Leger, J.M.; Bouche, P.; Bolgert, F.; Chaunu, M.P.; Rosenheim, M.; Cathala, H.P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Leger JM, Bouche P, Bolgert F, Chaunu MP, Rosenheim M, Cathala HP, et al. The spectrum of polyneuropathies in patients infected with HIV. Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1989;52: 1369-74.","journal-title":"Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.6.778","article-title":"Working Group of the American Academy of Neurology AIDS Task Force. Nomenclature and research case definitions for neurologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection","volume":"41","year":"1991","unstructured":"Working Group of the American Academy of Neurology AIDS Task Force. Nomenclature and research case definitions for neurologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Neurology 1991;41:778-85.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"247","article-title":"Muscle and nerve involvement in AIDS patient with disseminated mycobacterium avivum intracellulare infection. Muscle anid Nerve","volume":"12","author":"Wrzolek, M.A.; Rao, C.; Kozlowski, P.B.; Sher, J.H.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wrzolek MA, Rao C, Kozlowski PB, Sher JH. Muscle and nerve involvement in AIDS patient with disseminated mycobacterium avivum intracellulare infection. Muscle anid Nerve 1989;12:247-9."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410210107","article-title":"Inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathies associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection","volume":"21","author":"Comblath, D.R.; McArthur, J.C.; Kennedy, P.G.; Witte, A.S.; Griffin, J.W.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Comblath DR, McArthur JC, Kennedy PG, Witte AS, Griffin JW. Inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathies associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection. Anzn Neurol 1987;21:32-40.","journal-title":"Anzn Neurol"},{"key":"ref_26","article-title":"Acute neuropathy coincident with seroconversion for anti-LAV\/HTLV-III","volume":"852","author":"Piette, A.M.; Tusseau, F.; Vignon, D.; Chapman, A.; Parrot, G.; Liebowitch, J.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Piette AM, Tusseau F, Vignon D, Chapman A, Parrot G, Liebowitch J, et al. Acute neuropathy coincident with seroconversion for anti-LAV\/HTLV-III. Lancet 1986;i:852.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548609021668","article-title":"Guillain-Barre syndrome as an early manifestation of HIV central nervous system infection","volume":"18","author":"Hagberg, L.; Malmvall, B.E.; Svennerholm, L.; Alestig, K.; Norkrans, G.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hagberg L, Malmvall BE, Svennerholm L, Alestig K, Norkrans G. Guillain-Barre syndrome as an early manifestation of HIV central nervous system infection. Scand _7Infect Dis 1986;18:591-2.","journal-title":"Scand _7Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.5.613","article-title":"A prospective study of acute idiopathic neuropathy. II. Antecedent events","volume":"51","author":"Winer, J.B.; Hughes, R.A.C.; Anderson, M.J.; Jones, D.M.; Kangro, H.; Watkins, R.P.F.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Winer JB, Hughes RAC, Anderson MJ, Jones DM, Kangro H, Watkins RPF. A prospective study of acute idiopathic neuropathy. II. Antecedent events. Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:613-8.","journal-title":"Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.6.812","article-title":"Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Zimbabwe","volume":"41","author":"Thornton, C.A.; Latif, A.S.; Emmanuel, J.C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Thornton CA, Latif AS, Emmanuel JC. Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Zimbabwe. Neurology 1991;41:812-5.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"2050","article-title":"Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies","author":"Arnason, B.G.W.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Arnason BGW. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies. In: Dyck PJ, Thomas PK, Lambert EH, Bunge R, eds. Peripheral neuropathy. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1984:2050-100."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-198902000-00001","article-title":"Natural history of HIV infection","volume":"3","author":"Moss, A.R.; Becchetti, P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Moss AR, Becchetti P. Natural history of HIV infection. AIDS 1989;3:55-61.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"345","article-title":"Involvement of the central nervous system in malignant lymphomas","volume":"370","author":"Jellinger, K.; Radaszkiewicz, T.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Jellinger K, Radaszkiewicz T. Involvement of the central nervous system in malignant lymphomas. Virchozvs Archiv 1976;370:345-62.","journal-title":"Virchozvs Archiv"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880601)61:11<2318::AID-CNCR2820611129>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoreticular malignancies and peripheral neurologic disease. A report of four cases","volume":"61","author":"Gold, J.E.; Jimenez, E.; Zalusky, R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gold JE, Jimenez E, Zalusky R. Human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoreticular malignancies and peripheral neurologic disease. A report of four cases. Cancer 1988;61:2318-24.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1957.02330360015001","volume":"77","author":"paraesthetica, Stephens H.Meralgia","year":"1957","unstructured":"Stephens H. Meralgia paraesthetica. Arch Neuirol Psychiatry 1957;77:557-74.","journal-title":"Arch Neuirol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.5.564","article-title":"Slimmer's paralysis-peroneal neuropathy during weight reduction","volume":"47","author":"Sotaniemi, K.A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Sotaniemi KA. Slimmer's paralysis-peroneal neuropathy during weight reduction. Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984;47:564-6.","journal-title":"Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.64.758.919","article-title":"incidence and prognosis of neurological involvement in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in central London","volume":"64","author":"Guiloff, R.J.; Fuller, G.N.; Roberts, A.; Hargreaves, M.; Gazzard, B.; Scaravilli, F.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Guiloff RJ, Fuller GN, Roberts A, Hargreaves M, Gazzard B, Scaravilli F, et al. Nature, incidence and prognosis of neurological involvement in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in central London. Postgrad Med Jf 1988;64:919-25.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med Jf"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.56.4.372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:43:31Z","timestamp":1601088211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.56.4.372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.56.4.372","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]}}}