{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T13:05:35Z","timestamp":1782997535539,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.58.1.85","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"85-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":204,"title":["An improved diagnostic assay for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Motomura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Newsom-Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30750.x","article-title":"Quantal components of endplate potentials in the myasthenic syndrome","volume":"183","author":"Lambert, E.H.; Elmqvist, D.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Lambert EH, Elmqvist D. Quantal components of endplate potentials in the myasthenic syndrome. Ann NY Acad Sci 1971;183:183-99.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(88)90194-4","article-title":"Multiple types of neuronal calcium channels and their selective modulation","volume":"11","author":"Tsien, R.W.; Lipscombe, D.; Madison, D.V.; Bley, K.R.; Fox, A.P.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tsien RW, Lipscombe D, Madison DV, Bley KR, Fox AP. Multiple types of neuronal calcium channels and their selective modulation. Trends Neurosci 1988;11:431-8.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.5.1689","article-title":"Blocking and isolation of a calcium channel from neurons in mammals and cephalopods utilizing a toxin fraction (FTX) from funnel-web spider poison","volume":"86","author":"Llinas, R.; Sugimori, M.; Lin, J.-W.; Cherskey, B.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Llinas R, Sugimori M, Lin J-W, Cherskey B. Blocking and isolation of a calcium channel from neurons in mammals and cephalopods utilizing a toxin fraction (FTX) from funnel-web spider poison. Proc Nad Acad Sci USA 1989;86: 1689-93.","journal-title":"Proc Nad Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410290313","article-title":"Calcium channel autoantibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Leys, K.; Lang, B.; Johnston, I.; Newsom-Davis, J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Leys K, Lang B, Johnston I, Newsom-Davis J. Calcium channel autoantibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Ann Neurol 1991;29:307-14.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"640","article-title":"Specificity of calcium channel autoantibodies in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"ii:","author":"Sher, E.; Gotti, C.; Canal, N.; Scoppetta, C.; Piccolo, G.; Evoli, A.; Clementi, F.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sher E, Gotti C, Canal N, Scoppetta C, Piccolo G, Evoli A, Clementi F. Specificity of calcium channel autoantibodies in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Lancet 1989;ii: 640-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"1498","article-title":"Autoantibodies bind solubilized calcium channel w-conotoxin complexes from small cell lung carcinoma: A diagnostic aid for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume-title":"Mayo Clin Proc 1989; 64","author":"Lennon, V.A.; Lambert, E.H.","unstructured":"Lennon VA, Lambert EH. Autoantibodies bind solubilized calcium channel w-conotoxin complexes from small cell lung carcinoma: A diagnostic aid for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 1989;64: 1498-504."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1150","article-title":"Molecular diversity of neuronal-type calcium channels identified in small cell lung","volume-title":"carcinoma. Mayo Clin Proc 1992","volume":"67","author":"Oguro-Okano, M.; Griesmann, G.E.; Wieben, E.D.; Slaymaker, S.J.; Snutch, T.P.; Lennon, V.A.","unstructured":"Oguro-Okano M, Griesmann GE, Wieben ED, Slaymaker SJ, Snutch TP, Lennon VA. Molecular diversity of neuronal-type calcium channels identified in small cell lung carcinoma. Mayo Clin Proc 1992;67:1150-9."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3330","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.8.3330","article-title":"Llinas R P-type votage-dependent calcium channel mediates presynaptic calcium influx and transmitter release in mammalian synapses","volume":"89","author":"Uchitel, O.D.; Protti, D.A.; Sanchez, V.; Cherskey, B.D.; Sugumori, M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Uchitel OD, Protti DA, Sanchez V, Cherskey BD, Sugumori M, Llinas R P-type votage-dependent calcium channel mediates presynaptic calcium influx and transmitter release in mammalian synapses. Proc Nad Acad Sci USA 1992;89:3330-3.","journal-title":"Proc Nad Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.2.334","article-title":"Heterogeneity of calcium channel autoantibodies detected using a small-cell lung cancer line derived from a Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome patient","volume":"44","author":"Johnston, I.; Lang, B.; Leys, K.; Newsom-Davis, J.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Johnston I, Lang B, Leys K, Newsom-Davis J. Heterogeneity of calcium channel autoantibodies detected using a small-cell lung cancer line derived from a Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome patient. Neurology 1994;44:334-8.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22917.x","article-title":"Autoantibody specificities in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"681","author":"Lang, B.; Johnston, I.; Leys, K.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lang B, Johnston I, Leys K, et al. Autoantibody specificities in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Ann NYAcad Sci 1993;681:382-93.","journal-title":"Ann NYAcad Sci"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90221-X","article-title":"A new peptide ligand for mammalian presynaptic Ca2 channels","volume":"9","author":"Hillyard, D.R.; Monje, V.D.; Mintz, I.M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hillyard DR, Monje VD, Mintz IM, et al. A new peptide ligand for mammalian presynaptic Ca2 channels. Neuron 1992;9:69-77.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_12","article-title":"P-Like Ca2+ channels in human cerebellum and small cell lung carcinoma bind a-conotoxin-MVIIC and are immunoprecipitable by Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome IgG that react highly with N-type Ca2+ channels","author":"Lennon, V.A.; Krvzer, T.; Griesmann, G.E.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lennon VA, Krvzer T, Griesmann GE, et al. P-Like Ca2+ channels in human cerebellum and small cell lung carcinoma bind a-conotoxin-MVIIC and are immunoprecipitable by Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome IgG that react highly with N-type Ca2+ channels. Society for Neurosciences (abstract) 1993;19:1753."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.12.1246","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptor antibody as a diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis: results in 153 validated cases and 2967 diagnostic assays","volume":"48","author":"Vincent, A.; Newsom-Davis, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Acetylcholine receptor antibody as a diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis: results in 153 validated cases and 2967 diagnostic assays. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985;48: 1246-52.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.4.480","article-title":"Plasma exchange and immunosuppressive drug treatment in the LambertEaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Newsom-Davis, J.; Murray, N.M.F.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Newsom-Davis J, Murray NMF. Plasma exchange and immunosuppressive drug treatment in the LambertEaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 1984;34:480-5.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1990.tb12727.x","article-title":"Effects of eo-conotoxin GVIA on autonomic neuroeffector transmission in various tissues","volume":"101","author":"A, De Luca; CG, Li; MJ, Rand; IJ, Reid; P, Thaina; HK, WongDusting","year":"1990","unstructured":"De Luca A, Li CG, Rand MJ, Reid IJ, Thaina P, WongDusting HK. Effects of eo-conotoxin GVIA on autonomic neuroeffector transmission in various tissues. BrJ Pharmacol 1990;101:437-47.","journal-title":"BrJ Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_16","article-title":"Incomplete forms: a) tonic pupil alone; b) atypical phase of the tonic pupil alone (iridoplegia\"; intemal opthalmoplegia\"); c) atypical phases of the tonic pupil with absent reflexes; d) absent reflexes alone.\" Adie did not claim originality, recognising descriptions from 1902. Holmes's work is not acknowledged in Adie's Brain paper. Adie commented on the past misconstrued attribution to syphilis: \"A perversion of nervous activity\" of the vegetative nervous system was, he thought, the cause. It was the London ophthalmologist, James Ware (1756-1815), however, who furnished one of the earliest depictions in 1813.6","unstructured":"Incomplete forms: a) tonic pupil alone; b) atypical phase of the tonic pupil alone (iridoplegia\"; intemal opthalmoplegia\"); c) atypical phases of the tonic pupil with absent reflexes; d) absent reflexes alone.\" Adie did not claim originality, recognising descriptions from 1902. Holmes's work is not acknowledged in Adie's Brain paper. Adie commented on the past misconstrued attribution to syphilis: \"A perversion of nervous activity\" of the vegetative nervous system was, he thought, the cause. It was the London ophthalmologist, James Ware (1756-1815), however, who furnished one of the earliest depictions in 1813.6"},{"issue":"51","key":"ref_17","first-page":"209","article-title":"Partial iridoplegia associated with symptoms of other diseases of the nervous system","volume":"1931","author":"Homes, G.","unstructured":"Homes G. Partial iridoplegia associated with symptoms of other diseases of the nervous system. Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of the UK 1931;51:209-28.","journal-title":"Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of the UK"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref_18","first-page":"449","article-title":"Complete and incomplete forms of the benign disorder characterised by tonic pupils and absent tendon reflexes","volume":"1932","author":"Adie, W.J.","unstructured":"Adie WJ. Complete and incomplete forms of the benign disorder characterised by tonic pupils and absent tendon reflexes. Brj? Ophthalmol 1932;16:449-61.","journal-title":"Brj? Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"55","key":"ref_19","first-page":"98","article-title":"Tonic pupils and absent tendon reflexes: a benign disorder sui generis; its complete and incomplete forms","volume":"1932","author":"Adie, W.J.","unstructured":"Adie WJ. Tonic pupils and absent tendon reflexes: a benign disorder sui generis; its complete and incomplete forms. Brain 1932;55:98-113.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_20","first-page":"139","article-title":"Paralytic affections. 1. On eye symptoms in locomotor ataxy","volume":"1881","author":"Jackson, J.H.","unstructured":"Jackson JH. Paralytic affections. 1. On eye symptoms in locomotor ataxy. Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of the UK 1881;1:139-54.","journal-title":"Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of the UK"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/91.3.401","article-title":"The pathology of Adie's syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Harriman, D.G.F.; Garland, H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Harriman DGF, Garland H. The pathology of Adie's syndrome. Brain 1968;91:401-18.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"\"401","article-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond 1813; 31-50 [see Dunn's biography of Ware","volume":"1","author":"Ware, J.","year":"1917","unstructured":"Ware J. Philos Trans R Soc Lond 1813;31-50 [see Dunn's biography of Ware. Br J Ophthalmol 1917;1:401-10] cited by Leake CD. In: Haymaker W, Schiller F, eds. Founders of Neurology. 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Thomas, 1970;505-6.","edition":"2nd ed","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol; of Neurology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.58.1.85","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:48:37Z","timestamp":1601088517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.58.1.85"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.58.1.85","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]]}}}