{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T02:48:34Z","timestamp":1791168514703,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.61.4.388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T22:20:59Z","timestamp":1226355659000},"page":"388-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Progressive biparietal atrophy: an atypical presentation of Alzheimer's disease."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"S J","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Stuart-Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Prins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Xuereb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J R","family":"Hodges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"576","article-title":"Longitudinal study of the early neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic changes in dementia of the Alzheimer type. 3 Clin Exp Neuropsychol","volume":"1","author":"Grady, C.L.; Haxby, J.V.; Horwitz, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Grady CL, Haxby JV, Horwitz B, et al. Longitudinal study of the early neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic changes in dementia of the Alzheimer type. 3 Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1988;1O:576-96."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(94)00127-B","article-title":"Is semantic memory consistently impaired early in the course of Alzheimer's disease? Neuroanatomical and diagnostic implications","volume":"33","author":"Hodges, JR, Patterson; K.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hodges JR, Patterson K. Is semantic memory consistently impaired early in the course of Alzheimer's disease? Neuroanatomical and diagnostic implications. Neuropsychologia 1995;33:441-59.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530150046016","article-title":"Detection of abnormal memory decline in mild cases of Alzheimer's disease using CERAD neuropsychological measures","volume":"48","author":"Welsh, K.; Butters, N.; Hughes, J.; Mohs, R.; Heyman, A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Welsh K, Butters N, Hughes J, Mohs R, Heyman A. Detection of abnormal memory decline in mild cases of Alzheimer's disease using CERAD neuropsychological measures. Arch Neurol 1991;48:278-8 1.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809","article-title":"Neuropathological staging of Alzheimerrelated changes","volume":"82","author":"Braak, H.; Braak, E.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Braak H, Braak E. Neuropathological staging of Alzheimerrelated changes. Acta Neuropathol 1991;82:239-59.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)91173-6","article-title":"Balint's syndrome in Alzheimer's disease: specific disruption of the occipito-parietal visual pathway","volume":"493","author":"Hof, P.R.; Bouras, C.; Constantinidis, J.; Morrison, J.H.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hof PR, Bouras C, Constantinidis J, Morrison JH. Balint's syndrome in Alzheimer's disease: specific disruption of the occipito-parietal visual pathway. Brain Res 1989;493: 368-75.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.6.1783","article-title":"Semantic dementia: progressive fluent aphasia with temporal lobe atrophy","volume":"115","author":"Hodges, JR, Patterson; K, Oxbury; S, Funnell; E.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hodges JR, Patterson K, Oxbury S, Funnell E. Semantic dementia: progressive fluent aphasia with temporal lobe atrophy. Brain 1992;115:1783-806.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410310208","article-title":"Progressive language disorder due to lobar atrophy","volume":"31","author":"Snowden, J.S.; Neary, D.; Mann, D.M.A.; Goulding, P.J.; Testa, H.J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Snowden JS, Neary D, Mann DMA, Goulding PJ, Testa HJ. Progressive language disorder due to lobar atrophy. Ann Neurol 1992;31:174-83.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.3_Part_1.423","article-title":"Progressive aphasia: a precursor of global dementia?","volume":"40","author":"Green, J.; Morris, J.C.; Sandson, J.; McKeel, D.W.; Miller, J.W.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Green J, Morris JC, Sandson J, McKeel DW, Miller JW. Progressive aphasia: a precursor of global dementia? Neurology 1990;40:423-9.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease presenting with non-fluent progressive aphasia","author":"Greene, J.D.W.; Patterson, K.; Xuereb, J.; Hodges, JR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Greene JDW, Patterson K, Xuereb J, Hodges JR. Alzheimer's disease presenting with non-fluent progressive aphasia. Arch Neurol 1996 (in press).","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.11.987","article-title":"Slowly progressive aphasia: three cases with language, memory, CT and PET data","volume":"53","author":"Kempler, D.; Metter, E.J.; Riege, W.H.; Jackson, C.A.; Benson, D.F.; Hanson, W.R.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kempler D, Metter EJ, Riege WH, Jackson CA, Benson DF, Hanson WR. Slowly progressive aphasia: three cases with language, memory, CT and PET data. _7 Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990;53:987-93.","journal-title":"_7 Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"181","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease presenting as slowly progressive aphasia","volume":"67","author":"Pogacar, S.; Williams, R.S.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Pogacar S, Williams RS. Alzheimer's disease presenting as slowly progressive aphasia. Rhode Island Medical Journal 1984;67:181-5.","journal-title":"Rhode Island Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.12.1110","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease in a patient with posterior cortical atrophy","volume":"54","author":"Berthier, M.L.; Leiguarda, R.; Starkstein, S.E.; Sevlever, G.; Taratuto, A.L.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Berthier ML, Leiguarda R, Starkstein SE, Sevlever G, Taratuto AL. Alzheimer's disease in a patient with posterior cortical atrophy. Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991; 54:1110-1.","journal-title":"Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520310107024","article-title":"Posterior cortical atrophy","volume":"45","author":"Benson, D.F.; Davis, R.J.; Snyder, B.D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Benson DF, Davis RJ, Snyder BD. Posterior cortical atrophy. Arch Neurol 1988;45:789-93.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/13554799508402375","article-title":"Narrowing the spotlight: a visual attentional disorder in presumed AD","volume":"1","author":"Coslett, H.B.; Stark, M.; Rajaram, S.; Saffran, E.M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Coslett HB, Stark M, Rajaram S, Saffran EM. Narrowing the spotlight: a visual attentional disorder in presumed AD. Neurocase 1995;1:305-19.","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1080\/13554799508402376","article-title":"Rapidly progressive form of posterior cerebral dysfunction with apperceptive agnosia in a 34 year old man","volume":"1","author":"Pantel, J.; De Bleser, R.; Schwartz, M.; Weiller, C.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pantel J, De Bleser R, Schwartz M, Weiller C. Rapidly progressive form of posterior cerebral dysfunction with apperceptive agnosia in a 34 year old man. Neurocase 1995;1:319-31.","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"955","article-title":"Simultanagnosia as the initial sign of degenerative","volume-title":"dementia. Mayo Clin Proc","volume":"68","author":"Graff-Radford, N.R.; Bolling, J.P.; Earnest, F.; Shuster, E.A.; Caselli, R.J.; Brazis, P.W.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Graff-Radford NR, Bolling JP, Earnest F, Shuster EA, Caselli RJ, Brazis PW. Simultanagnosia as the initial sign of degenerative dementia. Mayo Clin Proc 1993;68: 955-64."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.3_Part_1.439","article-title":"Complex visual disturbances in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"40","author":"Mendez, M.F.; Mendez, M.A.; Martin, R.; Smyth, K.A.; Whitehouse, P.J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mendez MF, Mendez MA, Martin R, Smyth KA, Whitehouse PJ. Complex visual disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1990;40:439-43.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540150063018","article-title":"Posterior cortical atrophy: neuropathologic correlations","volume":"51","author":"Victoroff, J.; Webster Ross, G.; Benson, F.; Anthony Verity, M.; Vinters, H.V.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Victoroff J, Webster Ross G, Benson F, Anthony Verity M, Vinters HV. Posterior cortical atrophy: neuropathologic correlations. Arch Neurol 1994;51:269-74.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74985-2","article-title":"Visual disturbances with focal progressive dementing disease","volume":"100","author":"Cogan, D.C.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cogan DC. Visual disturbances with focal progressive dementing disease. Am Y Ophthalmol 1985;100: 68-72.","journal-title":"Am Y Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.5.443","article-title":"Posterior cortical dementia with alexia: neurobehavioural, MRI, and PET findings","volume":"54","author":"Freedman, L.; Selchen, D.H.; Black, S.E.; K, R.; Garnett, E.S.; Nahmias, C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Freedman L, Selchen DH, Black SE, R. K, Garnett ES, Nahmias C. Posterior cortical dementia with alexia: neurobehavioural, MRI, and PET findings. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991;54:443-8.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.2.305","article-title":"The visual variant of Alzheimer's disease: a clinicopathologic case study","volume":"43","author":"Levine, D.N.; Lee, J.M.; Fisher, C.M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Levine DN, Lee JM, Fisher CM. The visual variant of Alzheimer's disease: a clinicopathologic case study. Neurology 1993;43:305-13.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(89)32769-2","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease with prominent visual symptoms: clinical and metabolic evaluation","volume":"96","author":"Kiyosawa, M.; Bosley, T.M.; Chawluk, J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kiyosawa M, Bosley TM, Chawluk J, et al. Alzheimer's disease with prominent visual symptoms: clinical and metabolic evaluation. Ophthalmology 1989;96: 1077-86.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(86)80041-7","article-title":"Slowly progressive visual agnosia or apraxia without dementia","volume":"22","author":"E, De Renzi","year":"1986","unstructured":"De Renzi E. Slowly progressive visual agnosia or apraxia without dementia. Cortex 1986;22:171-80.","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199003000-00008","article-title":"Selective disconnection of specific visual association pathways in cases of Alzheimer's disease presenting with Balint's syndrome","volume":"49","author":"Hof, P.R.; Bouras, C.; Constantinidis, J.; Morrison, J.H.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hof PR, Bouras C, Constantinidis J, Morrison JH. Selective disconnection of specific visual association pathways in cases of Alzheimer's disease presenting with Balint's syndrome. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1990;49: 168-84.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"20","article-title":"Separate visual pathways for perception and action","volume":"15","author":"Goodale, M.A.; Milner, A.D.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Goodale MA, Milner AD. Separate visual pathways for perception and action. TINS 1992;15:20-5.","journal-title":"TINS"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"549","article-title":"Two cortical visual systems","volume-title":"Analysis of visual behaviour","author":"Ungerleider, L.G.; Mishkin, M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ungerleider LG, Mishkin M. Two cortical visual systems. In: Ingle DJ, Goodale MA, Mansfield RJW, eds. Analysis of visual behaviour. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1982: 549-86."},{"key":"ref_27","article-title":"Dementia rating scale","author":"Mattis, S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mattis S. Dementia rating scale. Windsor: NFER-Nelson, 1988."},{"key":"ref_28","article-title":"Test for the reception of grammar","author":"Bishop, D.V.M.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bishop DVM. Test for the reception of grammar. 2nd ed. London: Medical Research Council, 1989.","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(92)90096-5","article-title":"Deterioration of word meaning: implications for reading","volume":"30","author":"Patterson, K.; Hodges, JR","year":"1992","unstructured":"Patterson K, Hodges JR. Deterioration of word meaning: implications for reading. Neuropsychologia 1992;30: 1025-40.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_30","article-title":"Phonological ALEXIA or PHONOLOGICAL alexia?","volume-title":"Analytic approaches to human cognition","author":"Patterson, K.; Marcel, A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Patterson K, Marcel A. Phonological ALEXIA or PHONOLOGICAL alexia? In: Alegria J, Holender D, Junca de Morais J, Radeau M, eds. Analytic approaches to human cognition. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1992."},{"key":"ref_31","article-title":"Recognition memory test","author":"Warrington, E.K.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Warrington EK. Recognition memory test. Windsor: NFERNelson, 1984."},{"key":"ref_32","article-title":"Judgement of line orientation","year":"1983","unstructured":"Benton AL, deS Hamsher K, Varney NR, Spreen 0. Judgement of line orientation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"384","article-title":"Routes to object constancy: implications for neurological impairment of object constancy","volume":"36","author":"Humphreys, G.W.; Riddoch, M.J.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Humphreys GW, Riddoch MJ. Routes to object constancy: implications for neurological impairment of object constancy. QJ ExpPsychol 1984;36:384-415.","journal-title":"QJ ExpPsychol"},{"key":"ref_34","article-title":"Pyramids and palm trees: a test of semantic access from pictures and words","author":"Howard, D.; Patterson, K.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Howard D, Patterson K. Pyramids and palm trees: a test of semantic access from pictures and words. Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk: Thames Valley Test Company, 1992."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref_35","first-page":"310","article-title":"Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease: failure of access or degraded knowledge?","volume":"30","author":"Hodges, JR, Salmon; DP, Butters; N.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hodges JR, Salmon DP, Butters N. Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease: failure of access or degraded knowledge? Neuropsychologia 1992;30(4): 310-4.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_36","article-title":"The visual object and space perception battery. Bury St Edmunds","author":"Warrington, E.K.; James, M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Warrington EK, James M. The visual object and space perception battery. Bury St Edmunds: Thames Valley Test Company, 1991."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1995.00540280120025","article-title":"Visuospatial deficit in dementia of the Alzheimer type","volume":"52","author":"Kaskie, B.; Storandt, M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kaskie B, Storandt M. Visuospatial deficit in dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch Neurol 1995;52:422-5.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"297","article-title":"Visual disturbances in dementia","volume-title":"deficits in Alzheimer-type dementia","author":"Saffran, E.; Fitzpatrick-DeSalme, E.; Coslett, H.B.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Saffran E, Fitzpatrick-DeSalme E, Coslett HB. Visual disturbances in dementia. In: Schwartz MF, ed. Modular deficits in Alzheimer-type dementia. London: The MIT Press 1990:297-328."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520370067021","article-title":"Lexical agraphia in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"46","author":"Rapcsak, S.Z.; Arthur, S.A.; Bliklen, D.A.; Rubens, A.B.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rapcsak SZ, Arthur SA, Bliklen DA, Rubens AB. Lexical agraphia in Alzheimer's disease. Arch Neurol 1989;46: 65-8.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_40","article-title":"Dysgraphia in mild dementia of Alzheimer's type","author":"Hughes, J.C.; Graham, N.; Patterson, K.; Hodges, JR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hughes JC, Graham N, Patterson K, Hodges JR. Dysgraphia in mild dementia of Alzheimer's type. Neuropsychologia 1996 (in press).","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(83)90057-3","article-title":"Confrontational naming impairment in dementia","volume":"19","author":"Bayles, K.A.; Tolmoeda, D.K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bayles KA, Tolmoeda DK. Confrontational naming impairment in dementia. Brain Lang 1983;19:98-114.","journal-title":"Brain Lang"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700001938","article-title":"Language and dementia: a review","volume":"18","author":"Hart, S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hart S. Language and dementia: a review. Psychol Med 1988;18:99-112.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/02687039608248419","article-title":"Performance on the Boston cookie theft picture description task in patients with early dementia of the Alzheimer's type: missing information","volume":"10","author":"Giles, E.; Patterson, K.; Hodges, JR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Giles E, Patterson K, Hodges JR. Performance on the Boston cookie theft picture description task in patients with early dementia of the Alzheimer's type: missing information. Aphasiology 1996;10:395-408.","journal-title":"Aphasiology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &amp; Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.61.4.388","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:54:20Z","timestamp":1601088860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.61.4.388"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.61.4.388","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]}}}