{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T06:27:21Z","timestamp":1762324041161,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J R Army Med Corps"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was designed to evaluate the causative organisms in young male soldiers with clinical signs and symptoms after sexual contact that suggests a diagnosis of urethritis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between June 2012 and January 2015, male patients with urethritis symptoms that had resulted from sexual contact within 3\u2005months participated in this study. All patients were evaluated using urinalysis and were screened for <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> (NG), <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT), <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic> (UU), <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic> (MG), <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic> (MH), herpes simplex virus (HSV) type II and <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> (TV) using multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay in order to detect sexually transmitted infections (STI) or pathogens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 436 male patients aged 18\u201328\u2005years were included in the study. The median age was 22.0\u2005years. The prevalence of STI pathogens were as follows: NG in 19.0%, CT in 36.6%, UU in 24.0%, MG in 21.5%, MH in 6.1%, HSV type II in 1.6%, TV in 0.2% and indeterminate STI pathogens in 9.4%. Coinfection of NG with non-NG was detected in 5.7% of the participants, while the coinfection rates for STI pathogens were: with CT in 3.4%, with UU in 2.7%, with MG in 0.2% and with MH in 0.2%.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CT was the most prevalent STI pathogen and coinfections of NG with non-NG appeared less frequently. The young male soldiers with urethritis should be administered suitable antibiotics for STI pathogens that were found by mPCR results, rather than an experimental combination of antibiotics for coinfections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2015-000488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,28]],"date-time":"2017-01-28T01:45:10Z","timestamp":1485567910000},"page":"20-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The prevalence of causative organisms of community-acquired urethritis in an age group at high risk for sexually transmitted infections in Korean Soldiers"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Hyung Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J K","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S C","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Iksan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y G","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J I","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M K","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y B","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y S","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases control in developing countries","volume":"72","author":"Adler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frenkl TL , Potts JM . Sexually transmitted infections. In: Wein AJ , Kavoussi LR , Novick AC , et al ., eds. Campbell-Walsh urology. 10th edn. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2012;402.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-6911-9.00013-X"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1999.tb01315.x"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.4.1130-1136.1999","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibilities and plasmid contents of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from commercial sex workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: emergence of high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin","volume":"37","author":"Bhuiyan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-11-200506070-00010"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462001916209"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.7","first-page":"62","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic and asymptomatic men: detection in urine by enzyme immunoassay","volume":"46","author":"Mason","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cent Afr J Med"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-006-0462-y"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.9","first-page":"206","article-title":"Value of molecular biology methods for diagnosis in bacteriology","volume":"122","author":"Piemont","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Detmatol Venereol"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(77)80388-0"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000158932.78183.95"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-94-2-192","article-title":"Tetracycline-resistant Ureaplasma urealyticum: a cause of persistent non-gonococcal urethritis","volume":"94","author":"Stimson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2013.08.003"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.018598"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02475-10"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.16","first-page":"252","article-title":"Catheter infection by Mycoplasma hominis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"16","author":"Alados","year":"1998","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2004.17","article-title":"Prevalence and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Mycoplasma hominis in patients with non-gonococcal urethritis","volume":"57","author":"Kilic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.18","first-page":"205","article-title":"Herpetic urethritis","volume":"28","author":"Esteves","year":"1952","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522532"},{"key":"2025081311322578000_163.1.20.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2042.2003.00621.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jramc-2015-000488","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T18:32:35Z","timestamp":1755109955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/militaryhealth.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jramc-2015-000488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jramc-2015-000488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jramc-2015-000488","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-8665","2052-0468"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0035-8665"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2052-0468"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]}}}