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However, it may also be the result of autoimmune activation, chemical or pharmacological toxins, environmental insult or hypersensitivity reactions. Particular aetiologies that are more likely to be seen in a military population are discussed and include certain infections, smallpox vaccine, and hyperthermia and hypothermia. The clinical features can be highly variable ranging from an asymptomatic infection to fulminant heart failure. Features pertinent to the military doctor, including the natural history, investigative modalities and management strategies, with a particular emphasis on the occupational impact of myocarditis in the UK Armed Forces are reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2015-000500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,5]],"date-time":"2015-08-05T22:00:13Z","timestamp":1438812013000},"page":"275-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Myocarditis and the military patient"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Andrew T","family":"Cox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"St George's, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, 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