{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T16:41:50Z","timestamp":1793810510367,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J R Army Med Corps"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to find out the risk value of functional fitness test (FFT) results for low back pain (LBP) among fixed-wing military pilots.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 104 male military pilots were recruited for this study. The study was conducted with a self-administered questionnaire and FFT. The functional tests were performed in the beginning of study (baseline). The questionnaire was carried out at the baseline and 5\u2005years later.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The isometric low back endurance test result was associated with physical activity-related LBP experienced 5\u2005years later. Demographic information was not associated with LBP. The prevalence of overall LBP was 71% and the flight-related LBP prevalence was 31% at the baseline.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings show that LBP among military pilots is a common problem but it is also associated with tasks other than flying. The functional test results were not associated with flight-related LBP but adequate isometric back endurance may have protective role in LBP caused in physical activities. When trying to find the pilots with increased risk of flight-related LBP, a more sensitive set of tests should be considered.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2015-000510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]],"date-time":"2016-03-03T22:33:59Z","timestamp":1457044439000},"page":"31-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Functional test measures as risk indicators for low back pain among fixed-wing military pilots"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Tuomas","family":"Honkanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aeromedical Centre, Centre for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defence Forces, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Kyr\u00f6l\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Avela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"M\u00e4ntysaari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aeromedical Centre, Centre for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defence Forces, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.1","first-page":"269","article-title":"G-related musculoskeletal spine symptoms in Japan Air Self Defense Force F-15 pilots","volume":"66","author":"Kikukawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.2","first-page":"520","article-title":"+GZ-induced neck injuries in Royal Australian Air Force fighter pilots","volume":"68","author":"Newman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.3225.2012"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.4","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Muscle strain during aerial combat maneuvering exercise","volume":"67","author":"Oksa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-013-0911-8"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.3044.2011","article-title":"Prevalence of and biopsychosocial factors associated with low back pain in commercial airline pilots","volume":"82","author":"Prombumroong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0143-7"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.3274.2012","article-title":"Low back pain: considerations for rotary-wing aircrew","volume":"83","author":"Gaydos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.026914"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198403000-00002"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90073-9"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.12","first-page":"323","article-title":"Static back endurance and the risk of low-back pain","volume":"10","author":"Alaranta","year":"1995","journal-title":"ClinBiomech"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.1.30"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/165019702753557845","article-title":"Does good trunk extensor performance protect against back-related work disability?","volume":"34","author":"Rissanen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Rehabli Med"},{"key":"2025081312012487000_163.1.31.15","unstructured":"Clarkson H . 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