{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:13:52Z","timestamp":1761560032791,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J R Army Med Corps"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sulfur mustard (SM) exposure causes respiratory disorders, progressive deterioration in lung function and mortality in injured victims and poor sleep quality is one of the most common problems among SM-exposed patients. Since melatonin has a critical role in regulation of sleep and awareness, this study aimed to evaluate the serum melatonin levels in SM-injured subjects.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 30 SM-exposed male patients and 10 controls was evaluated. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); daytime sleepiness was measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the risk of obstructive sleep apnoea was determined by the STOP-Bang questionnaire. Polysomnography (PSG) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were also available. Nocturnal serum melatonin levels were measured using an ELISA kit.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mean of PSQI, ESS and STOP-Bang scores in patients (11.76\u00b13.56, 12.6\u00b13.03 and 5.03\u00b11.09, respectively) were significantly (p&lt;0.01) higher than those in the controls (2.78\u00b10.83, 4.69\u00b11.15 and 1.18\u00b10.82, respectively). PFTs also showed declined respiratory quality in SM-patients. There was a significant difference regarding the PSG results between patients and controls (p&lt;0.01). The mean of nocturnal serum melatonin levels in patients (29.78\u00b119.31\u2005pg\/mL) was significantly (p=0.005) lower than that in the controls (78.53\u00b134.41\u2005pg\/mL).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Reduced nocturnal serum melatonin and respiratory disorders can be the reasons for poor sleep quality among these patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IRCT2015092924267N1, Pre-results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2016-000677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T20:20:15Z","timestamp":1510863615000},"page":"411-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nocturnal serum melatonin levels in sulfur mustard exposed patients with sleep disorders"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Seyyedeh Soghra","family":"Mousavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Vahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Shohrati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Panahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 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