{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:30:06Z","timestamp":1771547406865,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Mil Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting multiple surgeries, worse visual outcome, eye removal (ER) and vitrectomy requirement in terror-related open-globe injuries (OGI) in the Turkish Military. Secondary purpose is to specify surgery and injury characteristics of terror-related OGI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 372 eyes of 251 patients with OGI that occurred during terroristic attacks between January 1996 and January 2016 were included in the study. A retrospective investigation of the preoperative variables associated with further surgeries, visual outcome, vitrectomy requirement and evisceration\/enucleation was achieved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1118 separate operative sessions with a median of 2 (1\u201314) surgeries were performed to 372 eyes. Preoperative factors predicting follow-up surgery included visual acuity (VA) &lt;20\/200, lens injury, vitreous haemorrhage (VH), presence of vitreous prolapse. Baseline VA &lt;20\/200, initial retinal detachment and ruptured globe injury were the independent factors of worse visual result. Ruptured globe injury (p:0.000) and initial vitreous prolapse (p:0.001) were significantly linked to ER surgery. Patients required vitrectomy significantly tend to have VH (p:0.000) and zone 3 injury (p:0.000) compared with non-vitrectomy group. Single surgery cases tend to have significantly better baseline (p:0.000) and final VA (p:0.007) and shorter follow-up period (p:0.000) compared with multiple surgery group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Terror-related OGI necessitate remarkable surgical follow-up and multiple surgery sessions with a relatively higher evisceration\/enucleation rate than other types of OGI. A comprehensive surgical approach with multiple surgery types is needed to treat terror-related OGI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2019-001306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1582277721000},"page":"437-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Surgical rehabilitation of terror-related open globe injuries in the Turkish Military: long-term results"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4497-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soner","family":"Guven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.11.009"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.5055\/ajdm.2008.0003","article-title":"Visual disability in selected acts of terror, warfare, and natural disasters of the last 25 years: a Concise narrative review","volume":"3","author":"Gee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Disaster Med"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(97)00022-2"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0218-9","article-title":"Prognostic factors for open-globe injuries: variables for poor visual outcome","volume":"33","author":"Guven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.10.013"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-16-00041","article-title":"Corneal and corneoscleral injury in combat ocular trauma from operations Iraqi freedom and enduring freedom","volume":"182","author":"Vlasov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00254-8"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S210","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000666","article-title":"Causes of combat ocular trauma-related blindness from operation Iraqi freedom and enduring freedom","volume":"79","author":"Vlasov","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005173222001"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540440031029"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin LA , Beck RW , Joseph MP , et al . The treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy: the International optic nerve trauma study 1999;106:1268\u201377.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00707-1"},{"key":"2021112302450582000_167.6.437.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee PJ , Cornelius VR , Phillips R , et al . Adjunctive intraocular and peri-ocular steroid (triamcinolone acetonide) versus standard treatment in eyes undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for open globe trauma (Ascot): study protocol for a phase III, multi-centre, double-masked randomised controlled trial. 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