{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:13:43Z","timestamp":1789143223128,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03-CA173822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03-CA173822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus Sci Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We investigated malignancy risk after renal transplantation in patients with and without systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using the United States Renal Data System from 2001 to 2009, 143\u2005652 renal transplant recipients with and without SLE contributed 585\u2005420 patient-years of follow-up to determine incident cancers using Medicare claims codes. We calculated standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) of cancer by group using age, sex, race\/ethnicity-specific and calendar year-specific cancer rates compared with the US population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>10\u2005160 cancers occurred at least 3\u2005months after renal transplant. Overall cancer risk was increased in both SLE and non-SLE groups compared with the US general population, SIR 3.5 (95% CI 2.1 to 5.7) and SIR 3.7 (95% CI 2.4 to 5.7), respectively. Lip\/oropharyngeal, Kaposi, neuroendocrine, thyroid, renal, cervical, lymphoma, liver, colorectal and breast cancers were increased in both groups, whereas only melanoma was increased in SLE and lung cancer was increased in non-SLE. In Cox regression analysis, SLE status (HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.3) was not associated with increased risk of developing cancer, adjusted for other independent risk factors for developing cancer in renal transplant recipients. We found that smoking (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2 to 4.0), cytomegalovirus positivity at time of transplant (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.4), white race (HR 1.2, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.3) and older recipient age at time of transplantation (HR 1.0 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2) were associated with an increased risk for development of cancer, whereas shorter time on dialysis, Epstein-Barr virus or HIV were associated with a lower risk for development of cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cancer risk in renal transplant recipients appeared similar in SLE and non-SLE subjects, aside from melanoma. Renal transplant recipients may need targeted counselling regarding surveillance and modifiable risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2016-000156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,6]],"date-time":"2016-06-06T23:33:49Z","timestamp":1465256029000},"page":"e000156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancer after renal transplant in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and non-SLE recipients"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Rosalind","family":"Ramsey-Goldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amarpali","family":"Brar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carrie","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moro O","family":"Salifu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha","family":"Bernatsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitre G","family":"Stefanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research, SUNY Downstate School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul M","family":"Jindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center & Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31827f4ee3"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203305lu2067oa"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.01.038"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(96)00074-5"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110571"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp331"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.01736.x"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-02-202507"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.23.2823"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.12.009"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203313520060","article-title":"Lung, liver, prostate, bladder malignancies risk in systemic lupus erythematosus: evidence from a meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Ni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-008-9151-8"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309102556"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.10.1147"},{"key":"2025091515171809000_3.1.e000156.15","unstructured":"United States Renal Data System. 2015 USRDS annual data report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. 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