{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:40:10Z","timestamp":1792798810785,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["MP-2020-45"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MP-2020-45"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00enr3s27","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005024","name":"Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZZ2019-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZZ2019-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus Sci Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Celastrol is a bioactive constituent extracted from\n                      <jats:italic>Tripterygium wilfordii<\/jats:italic>\n                      (thunder god vine). It has been demonstrated to have a therapeutic effect on experimental disease models for chronic inflammatory and immune disorders. In the present study, we investigated whether and how celastrol exerts a regulatory effect on the autoimmune response in MRL\/lpr mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed an in vivo study to determine the therapeutic effects of celastrol in MRL\/lpr mice and then further investigated the underlying mechanism of celastrol in the regulation of the autoimmune response in MRL\/lpr mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Celastrol showed a therapeutic effect in MRL\/lpr mice by preventing the enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes, alleviating renal injury, and reducing the levels of ANA and anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. Furthermore, celastrol suppressed the in vivo inflammatory response in MRL\/lpr mice by reducing the serum levels of multiple cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon (IFN)-\u03b3, and the production of multiple antibody subsets, including total IgG, IgG\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      and IgG\n                      <jats:sub>2b<\/jats:sub>\n                      . In vitro, celastrol reduced anti-CD3 antibody stimulation-induced T helper 1 and TNF-producing cells in CD4+ T cells of MRL\/lpr mice. In addition, celastrol significantly affected B cell differentiation and prevented the generation of plasma cells from B cells in MRL\/lpr mice by reducing the frequency of activated and germinal centre B cells. Celastrol treatment also affected T cell differentiation and significantly reduced central memory T cell frequencies in MRL\/lpr mice. Importantly, celastrol treatment specifically promoted apoptosis of CD138+ but\u2009not CD138\u2212 T cells to suppress autoimmune T cell accumulation in MRL\/lpr mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Celastrol exerted therapeutic effects on lupus by specifically promoting apoptosis of autoimmune T cells and preventing the progression of autoimmune response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2023-001057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T02:55:11Z","timestamp":1710212111000},"page":"e001057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Celastrol ameliorates lupus by promoting apoptosis of autoimmune T cells and preventing autoimmune response in MRL\/lpr 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