{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T06:26:29Z","timestamp":1794119189255,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002193","name":"Lupus Foundation of America","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Gary S. Gilkeson Career Development Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Gary S. Gilkeson Career Development Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus Sci Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine if serum interferon (IFN)-\u03b1 levels at the time of a lupus nephritis (LN) flare are associated with renal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with an LN flare who had a preflare estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \u226560\u2009mL\/min were included in the study. The following outcomes were ascertained: (1) Time to first and second LN flares during follow-up, (2) Time to a sustained decline in eGFR by 30% and 50%, and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD, &lt;15\u2009mL\/min), and (3) Time to an adverse renal event (\u22652 renal flares and\/or at least a 30% sustained decline in eGFR during follow-up). Serum IFN-\u03b1 was measured by Simoa.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>92 patients with active LN were included in the study. Elevated serum baseline levels of IFN-\u03b1 predicted poor renal outcomes. Patients with higher baseline IFN-\u03b1 had a greater risk of having two or more subsequent LN flares (HR: 1.31 (1.08\u20131.59), p=0.006), sustained 30% decline in eGFR (HR: 1.27 (1.14\u20131.40), p&lt;0.001), 50% decline in eGFR (HR: 1.27 (1.12\u20131.33), p&lt;0.001) and progressing to ESRD (HR: 1.29 (1.14\u20131.47), p&lt;0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified an IFN-\u03b1 cut-off, 0.6 pg\/ml, for predicting an adverse renal event.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Elevated serum IFN-\u03b1 levels measured at the time of an LN flare are associated with poor renal outcomes, including the development of \u22652\u2009LN flares, and a clinically meaningful decline in kidney function.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2024-001347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T01:35:17Z","timestamp":1732844117000},"page":"e001347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Interferon-\u03b1 as a biomarker to predict renal outcomes in lupus 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