{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:21:51Z","timestamp":1790626911750,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":93,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-I2M-1-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Chinese National Key Technology R&D Program, Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["2021YFC2501300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2501300"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Z201100005520022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z201100005520022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["C-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C-002"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["D-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D-009"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["PUMCH-B-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PUMCH-B-013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus Sci Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Research on the specific role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation in SLE development and progression is limited, especially regarding changes in IgG glycosylation profiles among different SLE subtypes. In this study, we aimed to characterise the glycosylation profile of serum IgG in patients with SLE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lectin microarrays with 56 lectins were used to analyse serum IgG glycosylation in 194 patients with SLE, 100 disease controls (40 primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (pSS), 60 rheumatoid arthritis (RA)) and 100 healthy controls (HCs). Differences between SLE and control groups, as well as SLE subgroups, were validated by lectin blotting. Altered IgG glycosylation patterns were identified and further confirmed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated the diagnostic value of these glycosylation changes in SLE and its subgroups, including neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), lupus nephritis (LN), pulmonary arterial hypertension, immune thrombocytopaenia and SLE without major organ involvement (WMOI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared to DC and HC groups, the IgG glycan level of Gal\u03b23GalNAc (binding Jacalin (11.3%) and Maclura pomifera lectin (14.4%)) was significantly increased, whereas most IgG glycan levels were significantly decreased, including core fucose, high mannose, GlcNAc, GalNAc and Gal\u03b24GlcNAc in the SLE group (all p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The IgG glycan levels were elevated in GalNAc and galactose patterns in the NPSLE group compared to the WMOI group, as well as higher Gal\u03b23GalNAc and galactose patterns in NPSLE and LN compared to HCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Moreover, ROC curve analysis showed PNA levels might have moderate potential for discriminating SLE from pSS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with SLE show disease-specific alterations in serum IgG glycosylation, and aberrant Gal\u03b23GalNAc, galactose and GalNAc glycosylation may have diagnostic value for SLE and NPSLE. Abnormal IgG glycans may provide new insights into their roles in SLE pathogenesis and progression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2024-001413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T10:10:27Z","timestamp":1743847827000},"page":"e001413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["IgG glycosylation profiling of systemic lupus erythematosus using lectin microarray"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0650-7713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6413-3043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinping","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 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