{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T04:32:04Z","timestamp":1779165124364,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":156,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Gustaf V\u2019s 80th Birthday Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003849","name":"IngaBritt och Arne Lundbergs Forskningsstiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003849","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010769","name":"Petrus och Augusta Hedlunds Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation of Ingegerd Johansson"},{"name":"Frimurare barnhusdirektionen"},{"name":"Foundation of Ulla and Roland Gustafsson"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008448","name":"Rune och Ulla Aml\u00f6vs Stiftelse f\u00f6r Neurologisk och Reumatologisk Forskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008448","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Gothenburg Society of Medicine"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009745","name":"Emil och Wera Cornells Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007949","name":"Reumatikerf\u00f6rbundet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007949","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Elisabeth \u201cBollan\u201d Lind\u00e9n stipend"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Svenska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation of Margaretha Nilsson"},{"name":"the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF agreement"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lupus Sci Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Delivery of a small for gestational age (SGA) infant is a common pregnancy complication among women with SLE. Although disease activity and autoantibodies such as anti-Smith and anti-ribonucleoprotein associate with SGA, underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear and reliable predictors are lacking. To address this, we applied a proteomic approach to identify proteins associated with SGA in SLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma samples were collected repeatedly during pregnancy, at delivery and from placental intervillous blood in women with SLE (n=83) and healthy controls (n=67) enrolled in the prospective SLE-Placenta study. Postpartum samples (\u22656 months) from a subset of women with SLE (n=19) served as non-pregnant controls. Mass spectrometry was performed on a discovery cohort comprising six healthy uncomplicated pregnancies, eight uncomplicated SLE pregnancies and eight SLE pregnancies complicated by SGA (SLE-SGA). Differential protein abundance analysis was performed in R. Candidate proteins were quantified by ELISA in the full cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Discovery proteomics identified four proteins with increased abundance in SLE-SGA compared with uncomplicated SLE pregnancies: endostatin (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>adj<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.0003), angiogenin (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>adj<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.03), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>adj<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.03) and complement factor H-related protein 5 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>adj<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.004). In the full cohort, ELISA quantification did not confirm increased levels of these proteins in SLE-SGA but suggested elevated levels of the angiogenesis-related proteins endostatin and angiogenin in women with SLE who later developed pre-eclampsia. Endostatin levels were consistently higher in SLE compared with controls across all trimesters (p\u22640.0001). Endostatin, but not angiogenin, was enriched in placental blood.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study did not validate the differentially abundant proteins as markers for SLE-SGA but suggested a link between the antiangiogenic and proangiogenic proteins, endostatin and angiogenin, respectively, and pre-eclampsia in SLE. Given the consistent elevation of endostatin throughout pregnancy in SLE compared with controls, its potential effects on placental development in SLE warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2025-001819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T05:56:08Z","timestamp":1765173368000},"page":"e001819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Proteomic analysis reveals angiogenesis-related plasma proteins associated with pre-eclampsia in SLE"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5063-092X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnes","family":"Torell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"Gunnarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3396-3244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabet","family":"Svenungsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Zickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Majczuk Sennstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of NeonGynecology an Reproductive Health, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Estelle","family":"Trysberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders A","family":"Bengtsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Lund University, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"J\u00f6nsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Lund University, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Strevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lund University, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0900-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Sj\u00f6wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, 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