{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T10:24:26Z","timestamp":1760523866793,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Ethics"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many patients believe that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is more likely to be successful than it really is in clinical practice. Even when working with accurate information, some nevertheless remain resolute in demanding maximal treatment. They maintain that even if survival after cardiac arrest with CPR is extremely low, the fact remains that it is still greater than the probability of survival after cardiac arrest<jats:italic>without<\/jats:italic>CPR (ie, zero). Without realising it, this line of reasoning is strikingly similar to Pascal\u2019s Wager, a Renaissance-era argument for accepting the proposition for God\u2019s existence. But while the original argument is quite logical\u2014if not universally compelling\u2014the modern variant makes several erroneous assumptions. The authors here present a case of a patient who unwittingly appeals to Pascal\u2019s Wager to explain his request for maximal treatment, in order to highlight the crucial divergences from the original Wager. In understanding the faulty assumptions inherent in the application of Pascal\u2019s Wager to code status decisions\u2014and identifying the underlying motivations which the Wager serves to confirm\u2014providers can better ensure that the true values and preferences of patients are upheld.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2019-105558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T21:25:22Z","timestamp":1568669122000},"page":"110-113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Betting on CPR: a modern version of Pascal\u2019s Wager"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7908-765X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Y","family":"Harari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert C","family":"Macauley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2009.07.008"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02599915"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000558"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-2110"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.5","first-page":"402","article-title":"How misconceptions among elderly patients regarding survival outcomes of inpatient cardiopulmonary resuscitation affect do-not-resuscitate orders","volume":"106","author":"Adams","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199402243300807"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.7","unstructured":"Aquinas T . Summa Theologiae PRiMA pars. Lander, WY: Aquinas Institute for the Study of Sacred Doctrine, 2012: 1\u201349."},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.8","unstructured":"Anselm . Proslogion: discourse on the existence of God. Pickerington, Ohio: Beloved Publishing, 2014."},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.9","unstructured":"Pascal B . Pensees, trans. A.J. Krailsheimer (New York): Penguin Classics, 1995."},{"issue":"22","key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2478\/disp-2007-0003","article-title":"Doxastic voluntarism and self-deception","volume":"2","author":"Booth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diputatio"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.11","unstructured":"W.W. Norton & Co . Voltaire, Candide. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 2016."},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.12","unstructured":"Conley G . Boy erased. New York, NY: Riverhead Books, 2016."},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.13","unstructured":"Meacham J . Newsweek Poll: 90% Believe in God, 2007. Available: https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/newsweek-poll-90-believe-god-97611"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fisher A . Catholic bioethics for a new millennium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511841866"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.15","unstructured":"Hauerwas S , Vanier J . Living gently in a violent world: the prophetic witness of weakness. Downers Grove, Ilinois: InterVarsity Press, 2008."},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540060029031"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2004.07.005"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(03)00215-6"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510010078034"},{"key":"2024111107200764000_46.2.110.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2010.0318"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/medethics-2019-105558","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T15:21:48Z","timestamp":1731338508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jme.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/medethics-2019-105558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/medethics-2019-105558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/medethics-2019-105558","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-6800","1473-4257"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0306-6800"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1473-4257"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]}}}