{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:30:17Z","timestamp":1787160617455,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648425600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/T00908X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/T00908X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>On July 2021, the UK High Court of Justice heard the Case CO\/2066\/2020 on the application of Heidi Crowter who lives with Down\u2019s syndrome, and M\u00e1ire Lea-Wilson whose son Aidan has Down\u2019s syndrome. Crowter and Lea-Wilson, with the support of the disability rights campaign, \u2018Don\u2019t Screen Us Out\u2019, have been taking legal action against the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care (the UK Government) for a review of the 1967 Abortion Act: the removal of section 1(1)(d) making termination of pregnancy lawful for \u2018severe\u2019 fetal indications detected after 24 weeks' gestation. On 23 September 2021, the High Court dismissed the claim. This action came at a time when non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) was introduced into the NHS England Fetal Anomaly Screening Programme for the trisomies 21, 13 and 18. The implementation of NIPT has been heavily criticised, in particular by \u2018Don\u2019t Screen Us Out\u2019 campaigners, for increasing fetal selection and discrimination of people living with disabilities. The case of Crowter and Lea-Wilson echoes debates in other European countries such as in France and Germany, where the introduction of NIPT in the public healthcare system has provoked equally vehement public reactions and discussions. The comparison between these three countries allows contextualising the public discourses around NIPT and the ground for termination of pregnancy in relation to different socio-cultural and political contexts. We examine how each country, and particularly England, deals with the conflict between the principles of promoting the rights of people living with disabilities and preserving women\u2019s reproductive autonomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2021-107912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T13:28:02Z","timestamp":1648474082000},"page":"471-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Preserving women\u2019s reproductive autonomy while promoting the rights of people with disabilities?: the case of Heidi Crowter and Maire Lea-Wilson in the light of NIPT debates in England, France and Germany"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0030-156X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeline","family":"Perrot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5714-3905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.1","unstructured":"Don\u2019t Screen Us Out. . 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UK NSC recommendation on fetal anomaly screening in pregnancy, 2016."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15820","article-title":"Risk of fetal loss associated with invasive testing following combined first-trimester screening for Down syndrome: a national cohort of 147,987 singleton pregnancies","volume":"47","author":"Wulff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-021-01101-4","article-title":"Outcome of publicly funded nationwide first-tier noninvasive prenatal screening","volume":"23","author":"Van Den Bogaert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genetics in Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2018.4","article-title":"Cell-Free fetal DNA versus maternal serum screening for trisomy 21 in pregnant women with and without assisted reproduction technology: a prospective interventional study","volume":"20","author":"Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3917\/rf.012.0027","article-title":"Les politiques de Pr\u00e9vention des handicaps. 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A World Without Down\u2019s Syndrome?. 5 Oct 2016, BBC."},{"key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5182"},{"key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.12","unstructured":"Down\u2019s Syndrome Association . Tell It Right\u00ae Update \u2013 the DSA\u2019s work relating to the roll-out of NIPT within NHS settings in England and Wales, 2018."},{"key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5154"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4941","article-title":"Trial by Dutch laboratories for evaluation of non-invasive prenatal testing. Part II-women's perspectives","volume":"36","author":"van Schendel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"key":"2023062204450666000_49.7.471.15","unstructured":"Public Health England . 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