{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:24:31Z","timestamp":1759411471411,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med Humanities"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Benjamin Rush\u2019s twin 1786 letters on the different species of phobia and mania sit at an extended historical juncture at which an early modern quasi-medical troping of mental disorder in American social commentary sobered up to mental medicine. The letters\u2019 satirical drive hinged on a perennial problem still occupying George Beard almost a century onward: which idiosyncratic trepidation or ill-grounded idea warranted the nomination of national and epochal ill? Rush\u2019s mania letter exemplified an established genre identifying popular and especially political crazes; at the same time, it foreshadowed the early 19th-century rise and mid-century fall of monomania as forensic-nosological stopgap. The phobia text established the term\u2019s dictionary (OED) sense of specific morbid fears, but did so in the form of a mobilisation of nosological jargon for social diagnostics purposes: an ambivalent prelude to Rush\u2019s later formal engagement with unreasonable fears and follies. Both letters draw attention to a pervasive duality in early modern and Enlightenment conceptions of hydrophobia, aerophobia, syphilophobia and lyssophobia, between public-health and mental-hygienic follies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/medhum-2020-011859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T20:52:42Z","timestamp":1608151962000},"page":"365-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["'On the different Species of Phobia\u2019 and \u2018On the different Species of Mania\u2019 (1786): from popular furies to mental disorders in America"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6679-550X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diederik F","family":"Janssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Arts and Social Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092411264200000_47.3.365.1","unstructured":"\"Un amante del bien p\u00fablico\" . 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