{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:51:04Z","timestamp":1761007864241,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med Humanities"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>What might it mean to change the questions we ask during clinical case conferences and to ask different kinds of questions, both in case conferences and more broadly in our clinics, care conferences and research? How might conducting \u2018para case conferences\u2019 with diverse stakeholders, community members and scholars invigorate conversation and surface different kinds of concerns? By \u2018para,\u2019 I draw from all of the meanings of the prefix, including alongside of, beside, near, resembling, beyond, apart from and abnormal. In this essay, I discuss a \u2018traditional\u2019 hospital-based case conference about a young deaf woman who would like to undergo cochlear implant surgery and I compare it to two \u2018para case conferences\u2019 that I organised with disability studies scholars in the humanities, social sciences and public health, in which we analyzed the same case and had a very different discussion. I argue, drawing on disability studies, medical anthropology and disability ethics scholarship, that we must actively consider and confront the role of structural ableism and the ways that it constrains the kinds of questions and horizons of possibility we imagine for patients and for disabled flourishing more broadly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/medhum-2024-013108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T10:34:18Z","timestamp":1735295658000},"page":"193-196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case conference and para case conference: asking different questions about disability and structural ableism"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Friedner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Human Development, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Friedner M. , and Kusters A. , eds. 2015. It\u2019s a Small World: International Deaf Spaces and Encounters. Washington DC: Gallaudet University Press.","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv2rcnnjs"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Friedner M . 2023. \u201cDisability Justice as Part of Structural Competency: Infra\/Structures of Deafness, Cochlear Implantation, and Re\/Habilitation in India\u201d. Health and Human Rights Journal","DOI":"10.14506\/ca37.1.10"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/ken.2017.0020"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/705781"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1916269"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kafer A . 2013. Feminist, Queer, Crip. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.","DOI":"10.2979\/6841.0"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kleinman A . 1997. Writing at the Margin: Discourse Between Anthropology and Medicine. Berkeley: University of California Press.","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520919471"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.8","unstructured":"Kusters A. , De Meulder M. , and O\u2019Brien D. , eds. 2017. Innovations in Deaf Studies: The Role of Deaf Scholars. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.9","unstructured":"Leach Scully J . 2008. Disability Bioethics: Moral Bodies, Moral Difference. New York: Rowman and Littlefield."},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2023.100650","article-title":"\u201cStructural Ableism in Public Health and Healthcare: A Definition and Conceptual Framework\u201d","volume":"30","author":"Lundberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Regional Health. Americas"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.11","unstructured":"Marcus G . 2010. \u201cThe Para-Site in Ethnographic Research Projects\u201d. Limn. Available from: https:\/\/limn.it\/articles\/the-para-site-in-ethnographic-research-projects"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mauldin L . 2016. Made to Hear: Cochlear Implants and Raising Deaf Children. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.","DOI":"10.5749\/minnesota\/9780816697243.001.0001"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2020.1730509","article-title":"\u201cImplementation in Bioethics: A Plea for a Participatory and Dialogical Approach\u201d","volume":"20","author":"Metselaar","year":"2020","journal-title":"The American Journal of Bioethics"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minich J. A . 2016. \u201cEnabling Whom? Critical Disability Studies Now\u201d. Lateral 5 (1). doi:10.25158\/L5.1.9","DOI":"10.25158\/L5.1.9"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moran-Thomas A . 2019. Traveling with Sugar: Chronicles of a Global Epidemic. Berkeley: University of California Press.","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520969858"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.1385"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/amajethics.2018.1181"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/JCE200415402"},{"key":"2025102010150832000_51.2.193.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9760.2005.00217.x"}],"container-title":["Medical Humanities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/medhum-2024-013108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T17:15:37Z","timestamp":1760980537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mh.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/medhum-2024-013108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/medhum-2024-013108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/medhum-2024-013108","relation":{},"ISSN":["1468-215X","1473-4265"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1468-215X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1473-4265"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]}}}