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We describe three functions of the shame lens: illuminating shame, clarifying shame-driven behaviours and contextualising shame within social and institutional structures, and we discuss their value in advancing health outcomes, healthcare professional well-being and effective organisational dynamics. We incorporate practical strategies for integrating shame-sensitive approaches into healthcare, including education for clinicians and learners, organisational reform and everyday practices that foster respect, accountability and emotional awareness. We ultimately argue that recognising and addressing shame can enhance professional well-being, improve health outcomes and strengthen trust, advancing meaningful progress towards the Quadruple Aim.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/medhum-2025-013636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:20:36Z","timestamp":1790184036000},"page":"medhum-2025-013636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How illuminating, clarifying and contextualising shame can transform healthcare: the shame lens"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3796-9301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Bynum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luna","family":"Dolezal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Political Sciences, Philosophy and Anthropology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092310201697000_medhum-2025-013636v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.27.3.759"},{"key":"2026092310201697000_medhum-2025-013636v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.1713"},{"key":"2026092310201697000_medhum-2025-013636v1.3","unstructured":"Berg S . 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