{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:45:19Z","timestamp":1790804719241,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J NeuroIntervent Surg"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In 1966, The American Medical Association (AMA) working with multiple major medical specialty societies developed an iterative coding system for describing medical procedures and services using uniform language, the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) system. The current code set, CPT IV, forms the basis of reporting most of the services performed by healthcare providers, physicians and non-physicians as well as facilities allowing effective, reliable communication among physician and other providers, third parties and patients. This coding system and its maintenance has evolved significantly since its inception, and now goes well beyond its readily perceived role in reimbursement. Additional roles include administrative management, tracking new and investigational procedures, and evolving aspects of \u2018pay for performance\u2019. The system also allows for local, regional and national utilization comparisons for medical education and research. Neurointerventional specialists use CPT category I codes regularly\u2014for example, 36\u2005215 for first-order cerebrovascular angiography, 36\u2005216 for second-order vessels, and 37\u2005184 for acute stroke treatment by mechanical means. Additionally, physicians add relevant modifiers to the CPT codes, such as \u2018\u221226\u2019 to indicate \u2018professional charge only,\u2019 or \u2018\u221259\u2019 to indicate a distinct procedural service performed on the same day.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2014-011156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]],"date-time":"2014-03-04T00:34:53Z","timestamp":1393893293000},"page":"309-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Current procedural terminology; a primer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Joshua A","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thabele M","family":"Leslie-Mazwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory N","family":"Nicola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline A","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William D","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D","family":"Alson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laxmaiah","family":"Manchikanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2012-010636"},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2012-010606"},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2007.10.004","article-title":"CPT: an open system that describes all that you do","volume":"5","author":"Thorwarth","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1546-1440(03)00020-6"},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.5","unstructured":"American Medical Association. CPT\u00ae Process\u2014How a Code Becomes a Code. Secondary CPT\u00ae Process\u2014How a Code Becomes a Code. http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/ama\/pub\/physician-resources\/solutions-managing-your-practice\/coding-billing-insurance\/cpt\/cpt-process-faq\/code-becomes-cpt.page (accessed 15 Nov 2013)."},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.6","unstructured":"American Medical Association. Conflict of Interest Policy of the CPT Editorial Panel Applicable to CPT Editorial Panel Members, Workgroup members, CPT\/HCPAC Advisors, and Presenters. Secondary Conflict of Interest Policy of the CPT Editorial Panel Applicable to CPT Editorial Panel Members, Workgroup members, CPT\/HCPAC Advisors, and Presenters 2013. http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/resources\/doc\/cpt\/cpt-panel-coi-policy.pdf (accessed 15 Nov 2013)."},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.7","unstructured":"American Medical Association. CPT Coding, Billing & Insurance-Statement of Lobbying. Secondary CPT Coding, Billing & Insurance-Statement of Lobbying. http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/ama\/pub\/physician-resources\/solutions-managing-your-practice\/coding-billing-insurance\/cpt\/statement-on-lobbying.page? (accessed 15 Nov 2013)."},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.8","unstructured":"Services USDoHaH. Administrative practice and procedure, Health facilities, Health insurance, Hospitals, Medicaid, Medicare, Report and recordkeeping requirement. 45 CFR Part 142, 1998."},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.9","unstructured":"Beebe M Dalton JA Espronceda M . CPT 2007 Professional Edition. American Medical Association, 2007."},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2010.07.009"},{"key":"2024052301072914000_7.4.309.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1451"}],"container-title":["Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/neurintsurg-2014-011156","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T05:56:13Z","timestamp":1716443773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnis.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/neurintsurg-2014-011156"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/neurintsurg-2014-011156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/neurintsurg-2014-011156","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-8478","1759-8486"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-8478","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-8486","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,3]]}}}