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These techniques may improve diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes. Extracranial carotid vessel wall imaging has been extensively investigated in patients with atherosclerotic disease and has been shown to accurately assess plaque composition and identify vulnerable plaque characteristics that may predict stroke risk beyond luminal stenosis alone. This review provides a brief history of vessel wall MRI, an overview of the intracranial vessel wall MRI techniques, its applications, and imaging findings of various intracranial vasculopathies pertinent to the neurointerventionalist, neurologist, and neuroradiologist. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google for English publications containing any of the following terms: \u2018intracranial vessel wall imaging\u2019, \u2018intracranial vessel wall\u2019, and \u2018intracranial vessel wall MRI\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2015-012127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,15]],"date-time":"2016-01-15T12:57:42Z","timestamp":1452862662000},"page":"1154-1159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Vessel wall imaging for intracranial vascular disease evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mahmud","family":"Mossa-Basha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4226-5563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santhosh","family":"Gaddikeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6154-5106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dheeraj","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000342470.69739.b3"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22592"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.7.1221"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.4","first-page":"662","article-title":"Limitations of invasive modalities in the diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system","volume":"22","author":"Duna","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.5","first-page":"317","article-title":"Diagnosing intracranial vasculitis: the roles of MR and angiography","volume":"15","author":"Harris","year":"1994","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540090032007"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2333031621"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.8","first-page":"356582","article-title":"Nonstenotic culprit plaque: the utility of high-resolution vessel wall MRI of intracranial vessels after ischemic stroke","volume":"2015","author":"de Havenon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Radiol"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12224"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-14-16"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340100561"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.12","first-page":"134","article-title":"Some observations on the anatomy of the middle cerebral artery","volume":"7","author":"Jain","year":"1964","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009037"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22626"},{"key":"2024052303005882000_8.11.1154.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang J , Helle M , Zhou Z , et al . 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