{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:40:30Z","timestamp":1787017230562,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH R01-NS093908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH R01-NS093908"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32-EB002103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-EB002103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008982","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSF DGE-1746045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF DGE-1746045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J NeuroIntervent Surg"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sanguinate, a bovine PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin-based oxygen carrier with vasodilatory, oncotic and anti-inflammatory properties designed to release oxygen in hypoxic tissue, was tested to determine if it improves infarct volume, collateral recruitment and blood flow to the ischemic core in hyperacute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under an IACUC approved protocol, 14 mongrel dogs underwent endovascular permanent MCAO. Seven received Sanguinate (8\u2009mL\/kg) intravenously over 10\u2009min starting 30\u2009min following MCAO and seven received a similar volume of normal saline. Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was assessed using neutron-activated microspheres prior to MCAO, 30\u2009min following MCAO and 30\u2009min following intervention. Pial collateral recruitment was scored and measured by arterial arrival time (AAT) immediately prior to post-MCAO microsphere injection. Diffusion-weighted 3T MRI was used to assess infarct volume approximately 2\u2009hours after MCAO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean infarct volumes for control and Sanguinate-treated subjects were 4739\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      and 2585\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (p=0.0443; r\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.687), respectively. Following intervention, rCBF values were 0.340 for controls and 0.715 in the Sanguinate group (r\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.536; p=0.0064). Pial collateral scores improved only in Sanguinate-treated subjects and AAT decreased by a mean of 0.314\u2009s in treated subjects and increased by a mean of 0.438\u2009s in controls (p&lt;0.0276).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preliminary results indicate that topload bolus administration of Sanguinate in hyperacute ischemic stroke significantly improves infarct volume, pial collateral recruitment and CBF in experimental MCAO immediately following its administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T13:21:41Z","timestamp":1639488101000},"page":"1253-1257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of early Sanguinate (PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine) infusion on cerebral blood flow to the ischemic core in experimental middle cerebral artery occlusion"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3800-0340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory A","family":"Christoforidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8152-599X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niloufar","family":"Saadat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8729-9302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mira","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6418-0309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Ik","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Niekrasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Research Center, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12934","article-title":"SANGUINATE (PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine): mechanism of action and clinical update","volume":"41","author":"Abuchowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Artif Organs"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abuchowski A . PEGylated bovine carboxyhemoglobin (SANGUINATE\u2122): results of clinical safety testing and use in patients. In: Elwell CE , Leung TS , Harrison DK , eds. Oxygen transport to tissue XXXVII. advances in experimental medicine and biology. 876. New York: Springer, 2016.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3023-4_58"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.3","first-page":"205","article-title":"Toxicology and safety determination for a novel therapeutic dual carbon monoxide and oxygen delivery agent","volume":"4","author":"Misra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17705567","article-title":"Pharmacologically increasing collateral perfusion during acute stroke using a carboxyhemoglobin gas transfer agent (Sanguinate\u2122) in spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"38","author":"Cipolla","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10731199.2010.488635"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e3181f0cbc7"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5003"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2020-016539"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.559021"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18789273"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-016-0491-5","article-title":"Anesthesia in experimental stroke research","volume":"7","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.090504197"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1984.57"},{"key":"2025092913161240000_14.12.1253.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.652403","article-title":"Translational block in stroke: a constructive and \"out-of-the-box\" reappraisal","volume":"15","author":"Lourbopoulos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018239","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T20:16:18Z","timestamp":1759176978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnis.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018239"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018239"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018239","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-8478","1759-8486"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-8478","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-8486","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]}}}