{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T12:02:33Z","timestamp":1790942553090,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Because of their high prevalence in the general population, genetic variants that determine susceptibility to environmental exposures may contribute greatly to the development of occupational diseases in the setting of specific exposures occurring in the workplace. Studies investigating genetic susceptibilities in the workplace may: (1) provide mechanistic insight into the aetiology of disease, in particular the determination of environmentally responsive genes; (2) identify susceptible subpopulations with respect to exposure; and (3) provide valuable input in setting occupational exposure limits by taking genetic susceptibility into account. Polymorphisms in the<jats:italic>NAT2<\/jats:italic>and the<jats:italic>HLA-DPB1<jats:sup>G<\/jats:sup><jats:sup>lu69<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>genes provide classic examples of how genetic susceptibility markers have a clear role in identifying disease risk in bladder cancer and chronic beryllium disease, respectively. For diseases with more complex and multifactorial aetiology such as occupational asthma and chronic airways disease, susceptibility studies for selected genetic polymorphisms provide additional insight into the biological mechanisms of disease. Even when polymorphisms for genetic susceptibility have a clear role in identifying disease risk, the value of wide scale genetic screening in occupational settings remains limited due to primarily ethical and social concerns. Thus, large scale genetic screening in the workplace is not currently recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.033977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,16]],"date-time":"2008-05-16T17:30:38Z","timestamp":1210959038000},"page":"430-436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Genetic susceptibility to occupational exposures"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"D C","family":"Christiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A J","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C-L","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khoury M Beaty T Cohen B . Fundamentals of genetic epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195052886.001.0001"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200106000-00003"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.3","unstructured":"Vineis P Malats N Boffetta P . Why study metabolic susceptibility to cancer? IARC Sci Publ 1999;(148):1\u20133."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2005.tb00350.x","article-title":"Understanding breast cancer risk -- where do we stand in 2005?","volume":"9","author":"Dumitrescu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.5","first-page":"95","article-title":"Inherited susceptibility to breast cancer.","volume":"18","author":"Easton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Surv"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.6","first-page":"187","article-title":"Hsp27 overexpression inhibits doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.","volume":"56","author":"Hansen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000101961.86080.f8"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.8","first-page":"3","article-title":"Biological markers in environmental health research.","volume":"74","author":"Committee on Biological Markers of the National Research Council","year":"1987","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1265"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.10","unstructured":"Hirvonen A . Polymorphic NATs and cancer predisposition. IARC Sci Publ 1999;(148):251\u201370."},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(01)00544-6"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(02)00153-7","article-title":"Molecular genetics and function of NAT1 and NAT2: role in aromatic amine metabolism and carcinogenesis.","volume":"506\u2013507","author":"Hein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2280(2000)36:3<221::AID-EM5>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"issue":"(12)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.14","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Current smoking, occupation, N-acetyltransferase-2 and bladder cancer: a pooled analysis of genotype-based studies.","volume":"10","author":"Vineis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.15","first-page":"291","article-title":"Polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) gene polymorphism in shanghai population: occupational and non-occupational bladder cancer patient groups.","volume":"17","author":"Ma","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21308"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2005.08.004"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(02)00029-1"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg001"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8105536"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.3.1647","article-title":"Differential susceptibilities to chronic beryllium disease contributed by different Glu69 HLA-DPB1 and -DPA1 alleles.","volume":"163","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199710)32:4<337::AID-AJIM3>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.00106201"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.6.2104002"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.12.6910"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20045"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(01)00410-3"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.4.9806106"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.7.2012123"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2000.00807.x"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1398-9995.2003.00352.x","article-title":"Lack of association of HLA class I genes and TNF alpha-308 polymorphism in toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma.","volume":"59","author":"Beghe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernstein IL Chan-Yeung M Malo J-L . Definition and classification of asthma. In: Bernstein I L Chan-Yeung M Malo J - L , eds. Asthma in the workplace. 2nd edn. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1999:1\u20134.","DOI":"10.3109\/9781841849256.001"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.167.5.787"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199507133330207"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09020207"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.1.8111601","article-title":"HLA class II alleles in isocyanate-induced asthma.","volume":"149","author":"Bignon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199711)32:5<522::AID-AJIM13>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(97)70104-0"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1981.10667610","article-title":"A follow-up study of the grain elevator workers in the Port of Vancouver.","volume":"36","author":"Chan-Yeung","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.8118622"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.1.7812571","article-title":"Determinants of longitudinal changes in spirometric functions among swine confinement operators and farmers.","volume":"151","author":"Schwartz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.4.2006063","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms in cotton textile workers: a 15-yr follow-up study.","volume":"163","author":"Christiani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.4.981","article-title":"Pulmonary function and symptoms after inhalation of endotoxin.","volume":"140","author":"Rylander","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.44","unstructured":"Milton DK . Endotoxin and other bacterial cell-wall components. In: Macher J , ed. Bioaerosols: assessment and control. Chapter 23. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1999."},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200407-888OC"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schulte PA DeBord DG . Public health assessment of genetic information in the occupational setting. In: Khoury M J Burke W Thomson E J , eds. Genetics and public health in the 21st century: using genetic information to improve health and prevent disease. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000:203\u201322.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195128307.003.0011"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2004.019190"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.25.101802.123012"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-198306000-00009"},{"issue":"(11)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.50","first-page":"797","article-title":"Ethical issues in testing for differential sensitivity to occupational hazards.","volume":"25","author":"Lappe","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000200878.16077.3b"},{"issue":"(20)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.52","first-page":"1497","article-title":"Will genetics revolutionize medicine?","volume":"343","author":"Khoury","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012113"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04136-2"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.55","unstructured":"Easton D Farin F Omiecinski C . Genetic susceptibility. In: Rom W , ed. Environmental and occupational medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1998:209\u2013221."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A22","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.109-a22b","article-title":"Environmental genome project: a positive sequence of events.","volume":"109","author":"Booker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.1.308"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02168"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh005"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381000"},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.61","unstructured":"Riva A Kohane IS . A web-based tool to retrieve human genome polymorphisms from public databases. Proc AMIA Symp 2001:558\u201362."},{"key":"2024052223393277000_65.6.430.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/14.8.656"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.2007.033977","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T07:59:36Z","timestamp":1716451176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.2007.033977"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,16]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oem.2007.033977"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2007.033977","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,16]]}}}