{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T09:07:20Z","timestamp":1716455240322},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Statistics from Labour Force Surveys are widely quoted as evidence for the scale of occupational illness in Europe. However, occupational attribution depends on whether participants believe their health problem is caused or aggravated by work, and personal beliefs may be unreliable. The authors assessed the potential for error for work-associated arm pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A questionnaire was emailed to working-aged adults, randomly chosen from five British general practices. They were asked about: occupational activities; mental health; self-rated health; arm pain; and beliefs about its causation. Those in work (n\u200a=\u200a1769) were asked about activities likely to cause arm pain, from which the authors derived a variable for exposure to any \u201carm-straining\u201d occupational activity. The authors estimated the relative risk (RR) from arm-straining activity, using a modified Cox model, and derived the population attributable fraction (PAF). They compared the proportion of arm pain cases reporting their symptom as caused or made worse by work with the calculated PAF, overall and for subsets defined by demographic and other characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Arm pain in the past year was more common in the 1143 subjects who reported exposure to arm-straining occupational activity (RR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.5). In the study sample as a whole, 53.9% of 817 cases reported their arm pain as work-associated, whereas the PAF for arm-straining occupational activity was only 13.9%. The ratio of cases reported as work-related to the calculated attributable number was substantially higher below 50 years (5.4) than at older ages (3.0) and higher in those with worse self-rated and mental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Counting people with arm pain which they believe to be work-related can overestimate the number of cases attributable to work substantially. This casts doubt on the validity of a major source of information used by European governments to evaluate their occupational health strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.035378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,5]],"date-time":"2007-12-05T02:51:23Z","timestamp":1196823083000},"page":"331-335","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["How common is repetitive strain injury?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"K T","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Reading","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Calnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Coggon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.1","unstructured":"Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. Revitalising health and safety: strategy statement. London: Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, 2000."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.2","unstructured":"Commission of the European Communities. Improving quality and productivity at work: Community strategy 2007\u00e2\u0080\u00932012 on health and safety at work SEC(2007) 216\/2, Brussels, 2007. Available at http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/employment_social\/news\/2007\/feb\/executivesummary_en.pdf (accessed 26 October 2007)."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.3","unstructured":"Jones JR Huxtable CS Hodgson JT . Self-reported work-related illness in 2003\/4: Results from the Labour Force Survey. Office of National Statistics. Sudbury, UK: HSE Books, 2005."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.4","unstructured":"Health & Safety Executive. Occupational Health Statistics Bulletin 2004\/05 Available at http:\/\/www.hse.gov.uk\/statistics\/overall\/ohsb0405.htm (accessed 26 October 2007)."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.5","unstructured":"Dupre D . Work-related health problems in the EU, 1998\u00e2\u0080\u00939. Populations and social conditions: Statistics in Focus Theme 3 \u00e2\u0080\u0093 17\/2001. European Communities Eurostat. ISNN 1024-4352. Available at http:\/\/epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu\/cache\/ITY_OFFPUB\/KS-NK-01-017\/EN\/KS-NK-01-017-EN.PDF (accessed 26 October 2007)."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.6","unstructured":"European Commission Eurostat. LFS 2007 ad hoc module on accidents at work and work-related health problems. ESTAT\/F5\/HSW\/\/2006\/1277 Version 06\/03\/2006. Available at http:\/\/circa.europa.eu\/Public\/irc\/dsis\/hasaw\/library?l\u00e2\u0080\u008a=\u00e2\u0080\u008a\/lfs_2007_module\/work-related_problemsdoc\/_EN_1.0_&a\u00e2\u0080\u008a=\u00e2\u0080\u008ad (accessed 26 October 2007)."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.11.691"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqi142"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.9","unstructured":"Palmer KT Reading I Linaker C . Population based cohort study of incident and persistent arm pain: role of mental health, self-rated health and health beliefs. Pain (in press)."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.10","unstructured":"Ware JE . SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire. Boston, MA: Institute for the Improvement of Medical Care and Health, New England Medical Center Hospital, Quality Quest Inc, 1989."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017","article-title":"The brief symptom inventory: an introductory report.","volume":"13","author":"Derogatis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.061481"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.2.326"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.14","first-page":"861","article-title":"Estimation of prevalence rate ratios for cross-sectional data: an example in occupational epidemiology.","volume":"50","author":"Lee","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J In Med"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121617","article-title":"Proportion of disease caused or prevented by a given exposure, trait, or intervention.","volume":"99","author":"Miettinen","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0400400308","article-title":"From the help desk: some bootstrapping techniques.","volume":"4","author":"Poi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stata Journal"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.17","unstructured":"Jones JR Huxtable CS Hodgson JT . Self-reported work-related illness in 2004\/05: Results from the Labour Force Survey (page 3). Available at http:\/\/www.hse.gov.uk\/statistics\/swi\/swi0405.pdf (accessed 26 October 2007)."},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/52.7.407"},{"key":"2024052223442700000_65.5.331.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0274(200101)39:1<58::AID-AJIM6>3.0.CO;2-3"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.2007.035378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T08:12:39Z","timestamp":1716451959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.2007.035378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oem.2007.035378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2007.035378","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,4]]}}}