{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:24:16Z","timestamp":1790969056239,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the association between worktime control and subsequent disability pension among employees.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two scores of worktime control (self-assessed and co-worker assessed) were obtained from a survey in 2000\u20132001 (score range 1\u20135) among 30\u2009700 public sector employees (78% women) aged 18\u201364\u2005years. Information on cause-specific disability pension during follow-up was collected from national registers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a mean follow-up of 4.4\u2005years, 1178 employees were granted disability pensions (incidence per 1000 person-years: 9.2 in women and 8.7 in men). The most common causes of a disability pension were musculoskeletal disorders (43% of all pensions), mental disorders (25%), tumours (8%) and diseases of the circulatory system (6%) and nervous system (6%). A one unit increase in self-assessed and co-worker assessed worktime control score was associated with a 41\u201348% decrease in risk of disabling musculoskeletal disorders in men and a 33\u201335% decrease in women. This association was robust to adjustment for 17 baseline covariates (in men and women combined, adjusted HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.87 and 0.64, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.79 per one unit increase in self-assessed and co-worker assessed worktime control, respectively). Self-assessed, but not co-worker assessed, worktime control was also associated with risk of disability retirement due to mental disorders in women. Disability pensions from other disease categories were not related to worktime control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In these public sector employees, high worktime control was associated with reduced risk of early retirement caused by musculoskeletal disorders independent of baseline characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2008.045096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,14]],"date-time":"2009-11-14T01:13:16Z","timestamp":1258161196000},"page":"479-485","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Employee control over working times and risk of cause-specific disability pension: the Finnish Public Sector Study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Jussi","family":"Vahtera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sari","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuula","family":"Oksanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aki","family":"Koskinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaana","family":"Pentti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Kivimaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14034950410021853"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.021824"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7240.971"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.6.1183"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.5","first-page":"13","article-title":"Innovative worktime arrangements","volume":"24","author":"Knauth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.4.272"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2002.005983"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.030924"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.023937"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-9010.84.4.496"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00027640121956719"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.262"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn067"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.038067"},{"key":"2024052300090720000_67.7.479.15","unstructured":"Statistics Finland. 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