{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T13:52:15Z","timestamp":1792849935448,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To determine whether the prevalence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) or progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among United States underground miners is associated with mine size.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We examined chest radiographs from 1970 to 2009 of working miners who participated in the National Coal Workers Health Surveillance Program for the presence of small and large opacities consistent with pneumoconiosis, based upon the International Labour Organization classification system.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n A total of 145\u2009512 miners contributed 240\u2009067 radiographs for analysis. From the 1990s to the 2000s, the prevalence of radiographic CWP increased among miners in mines of all sizes, while miners working in mines with fewer than 50 employees had a significantly higher prevalence of CWP compared to miners who worked in mines with 50 or more employees (p<0.0001). When adjusted for age and within-miner correlation, the difference in prevalence of CWP by mine size was significant for all decades. Since 1999, miners from small mines were five times more likely to have radiographic evidence of PMF (1.0% of miners) compared to miners from larger mines (0.2% of miners) with a prevalence ratio of 5.0 and 95% CI 3.3 to 7.5.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The prevalence of CWP among United States coal miners is increasing in mines of all sizes, while CWP and PMF are much more prevalent among workers from underground mines with fewer than 50 workers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2009.050757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,3]],"date-time":"2010-06-03T16:59:50Z","timestamp":1275584390000},"page":"428-431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis are increasingly more prevalent among workers in small underground coal mines in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"A Scott","family":"Laney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D","family":"Attfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.1","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Work-related lung disease surveillance report 2007, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies. editor. Morgantown: Department of Health and Human Services, 2008:41\u20133."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.2","first-page":"909","article-title":"Advanced cases of coal workers' pneumoconiosis\u2013two counties, Virginia, 2006","volume":"55","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.3","first-page":"652","article-title":"Advanced pneumoconiosis among working underground coal miners\u2013Eastern Kentucky and Southwestern Virginia, 2006","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2004.019679"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laney AS Petsonk EL Attfield M . Pneumoconiosis among underground bituminous coal miners in the United States: is silicosis becoming more frequent? Occup Environ Med 2009 Sep 22 [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2009.047126"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.6","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Mining Division. Number and rate of fatalities by employment size of mining operation, 2002\u20132006. 2006. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/mining\/statistics\/fatalities.htm (accessed 11 May 2009)."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.7","unstructured":"Randolph RF . Injury analysis of Pennsylvania small surface coal mines. In: Proceedings of the third health and safety seminar for small mines. 1998:83\u201392."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.8","first-page":"336","article-title":"Pneumoconiosis prevalence among working coal miners examined in federal chest radiograph surveillance programs\u2013United States, 1996\u20132002","volume":"52","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.9","first-page":"39SS","article-title":"Pneumoconiosis in coal miners: NIOSH research and surveillance","volume":"32","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1983","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Surveill Summ"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.7.964"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.11","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Enhanced Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program (ECWHSP) 2009. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/NIOSH\/topics\/surveillance\/ORDS\/ecwhsp.html (accessed 22 June 2009)."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.12","unstructured":"International Labour Office, Guidelines for the use of the ILO international classification of radiographs of pneumoconioses. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2002."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700230303"},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.14","unstructured":"National Academy of Sciences. Toward safer underground coal mines, National Research Council\/Institute of Medicine. editor. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1982."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.15","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Effects of mining height on injury rates in U.S. underground nonlongwall bituminous coal mines, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory. editor. Pittsburgh, PA: NIOSH, 1997."},{"key":"2024052300245564000_67.6.428.16","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration. Report of the statistical task team of the coal mine respirable dust task group, 1993."}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.2009.050757","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T04:59:55Z","timestamp":1716440395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.2009.050757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oem.2009.050757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2009.050757","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.3591956.3301054","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}}}