{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:41:45Z","timestamp":1790844105784,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>In both science and media, the adverse effects of a long duration of computer use at work on musculoskeletal health have long been debated. Until recently, the duration of computer use was mainly measured by self-reports, and studies using more objective measures, such as software-recorded computer duration, were lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the association between duration of computer use at work, measured with software and self-reports, and the onset of severe arm\u2013wrist\u2013hand and neck\u2013shoulder symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 2-year follow-up study was conducted between 2004 and 2006 among 1951 office workers in The Netherlands. Self-reported computer duration and other risk factors were collected at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Computer use at work was recorded continuously with computer software for 1009 participants. Outcome questionnaires were obtained at baseline and every 3\u2005months during follow-up. Cases were identified based on the transition within 3\u2005months of no or minor symptoms to severe symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self-reported duration of computer use was positively associated with the onset of both arm\u2013wrist\u2013hand (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.1 for more than 4\u2005h\/day of total computer use at work) and neck\u2013shoulder symptoms (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0 for more than 4\u2005h\/day of mouse use at work). The recorded duration of computer use did not show any statistically significant association with the outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, no association was found between the software-recorded duration of computer use at work and the onset of severe arm\u2013wrist\u2013hand and neck\u2013shoulder symptoms using an exposure window of 3\u2005months. In contrast, a positive association was found between the self-reported duration of computer use at work and the onset of severe arm\u2013wrist\u2013hand and neck\u2013shoulder symptoms. The different findings for recorded and self-reported computer duration could not be explained satisfactorily.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2010.056267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,3]],"date-time":"2010-11-03T03:13:42Z","timestamp":1288754022000},"page":"502-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Software-recorded and self-reported duration of computer use in relation to the onset of severe arm\u2013wrist\u2013hand pain and neck\u2013shoulder pain"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"IJmker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maaike A","family":"Huysmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allard J","family":"van der Beek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk L","family":"Knol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem","family":"van Mechelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulien M","family":"Bongers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitte M","family":"Blatter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199605000-00007"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199605000-00008"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.3","first-page":"677","article-title":"Neuromusculoskeletal conditions of the upper extremity: are they due to repetitive occupational trauma?","volume":"15","author":"Nathan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2003.09.015"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.026468"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1220","article-title":"Test\u00e2\u0080\u0093retest reliability and validity of self-reported duration of computer use at work","volume":"34","author":"IJmker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2004.013219"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.026351"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.55.10.651","article-title":"Effect of measurement error on epidemiological studies of environmental and occupational exposures","volume":"55","author":"Armstrong","year":"1998","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2004.04.003"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2007.01.002"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.033506"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20461"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-7-55"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139108967302","article-title":"Shoulder muscle tension induced by two VDU-based tasks of different complexity","volume":"34","author":"Waersted","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130310001617967"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.279","article-title":"Computer mouse position as a determinant of posture, muscular load and perceived exertion","volume":"24","author":"Karlqvist","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/001401397187496"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130110087437"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-X"},{"key":"2024052300352062000_68.7.502.21","unstructured":"Punnett L Bergqvist U . 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