{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:32:41Z","timestamp":1791505961796,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVES--To examine, by ultrasonography the prevalence of thyroid nodules in a cross sectional study of male medical workers occupationally exposed to chi radiation at the Pisa hospital, in comparison with controls matched for age and sex. METHODS--50 male medical workers exposed to radiation were randomly matched for age (+\/- 2 years) with 100 male workers not occupationally exposed to ionising radiation who lived in a slightly iodine deficient area of Tuscany (Lunigiana) (control group 1), and with 100 male workers not exposed to radiation who lived in the same area (Pisa) (control group 2). RESULTS--Of the occupationally exposed subjects, thyroid nodules were detected in 19\/50 (38.0%). Among controls, thyroid nodules were detected in 19\/100 subjects of control group 1 and in 13\/100 of control group 2. Comparison of exposed and control groups, stratified into 30-39, 40-49, and 50-59 year old age subgroups, showed a higher significant relative risk for thyroid nodules in the exposed subjects. CONCLUSION--The results suggest that occupational exposure to radiation may be a risk factor for thyroid nodules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.52.8.500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,17]],"date-time":"2008-12-17T00:14:48Z","timestamp":1229472888000},"page":"500-504","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Risk of thyroid nodules in subjects occupationally exposed to radiation: a cross sectional study."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Silvano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Gambuzza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Tana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Salvioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Baldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Gasperini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Baschieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"852","article-title":"Retrospective and prospective study of radiationinduced thyroid disease","volume":"74","author":"Li, De Groot; M, Reilly; K, Pinnameneni","year":"1983","unstructured":"De Groot Li, Reilly M, Pinnameneni K, et al. 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