{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:55:12Z","timestamp":1790934912423,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the occurrence of work related respiratory symptoms and to assess the effect of atopy in a group of trainee bakers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective study of work related respiratory symptoms among 125 trainee bakers who were investigated with a questionnaire plus skin prick test with wheat flour and \u03b1-amylase allergens at baseline and then after 6, 18, and 30 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the baseline examination, four students (3.2%) complained of respiratory symptoms (cough and rhinitis) when working with flours and four were skin positive to wheat flour or \u03b1-amylase. The incidence of work related respiratory symptoms was 3.4% at 6 months, and the cumulative incidence was 4.8% and 9.0% at 18 and 30 months, respectively. The incidence of skin sensitisation to occupational allergens was 4.6% at 6 months and the cumulative incidence was 4.6% at 18 months and 10.1% at 30 months. The generalised estimating equation approach to longitudinal data showed that work related respiratory symptoms in the study population was significantly associated with a personal history of allergic disease (odds ratio (OR) 5.8, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.8 to 18.2) and skin sensitisation to wheat flour or \u03b1-amylase (OR 4.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 14.9). Atopy based on prick test was not related to the occurrence of work related respiratory symptoms over time (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.3 to 3.8).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Personal history of allergic disease is a predisposing factor for the development of symptoms caused by exposure to wheat flour and may be a criterion of unsuitability for starting a career as a baker. Atopy based on the skin prick test is useful for identifying subjects with allergic disease, but should not be used to exclude non-symptomatic atopic people from bakery work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.1.58","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:38:40Z","timestamp":1027766320000},"page":"58-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Prospective study of work related respiratory symptoms in trainee bakers"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Renata","family":"De Zotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Bovenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1163\/157180994X00132","article-title":"Pre-employment medical examinations and the law with particular reference to the European Union.","volume":"1","author":"Hendriks","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Journal of Health Law"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.2","unstructured":"Bernstein DI Malo JL (1993) High molecular weight agents. in Asthma in the workplace. eds Bernstein IL Chan-Yeung M Malo JL (Marcel Dekker, New York), pp 373\u2013398."},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07219-4"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.4","first-page":"192","article-title":"Unsuitability of bakery work for a person with atopy: a study of 234 bakery workers.","volume":"42","author":"Jarvinen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ann Allergy"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.5","first-page":"102","article-title":"Atopy and pre-employment screening.","volume":"10","author":"Nordman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700160211","article-title":"Predisposing factors in laboratory animal allergy: a study of atopy and environmental factors.","volume":"16","author":"Sjostedt","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.7","first-page":"41","article-title":"Allergy to laboratory animals: an epidemiological study.","volume":"49","author":"Aoyama","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.8","first-page":"1159","article-title":"Pre-employment screening for allergy to laboratory animals: epidemiologic evaluation of its potential usefulness.","volume":"28","author":"Newill","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"2024052310215971000_57.1.58.9","first-page":"129","article-title":"Does atopy have any predictive value for laboratory animal allergy? 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