{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:06:55Z","timestamp":1791216415491,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aims:<\/jats:bold>To determine whether change in employment status (from fixed term to permanent employment) is followed by changes in work, health, health related behaviours, and sickness absence.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>Prospective cohort study with four year follow up. Data from 4851 (710 male, 4141 female) hospital employees having a fixed term or permanent job contract on entry to the study were collected at baseline and follow up.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>At baseline, compared to permanent employees, fixed term employees reported lower levels of workload, job security, and job satisfaction. They also reported greater work ability. All fixed term employees had a lower rate of medically certified sickness absence at baseline. Baseline rate ratios for those who remained fixed term were 0.64 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.75), and were 0.50 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.75) for those who later became permanent. Continuous fixed term employment was not associated with changes in the outcome measures. Change from fixed term to permanent employment was followed by an increase in job security, enduring job satisfaction, and increased medically certified sickness absence (compared to permanent workers rate ratio 0.96 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.16)). Other indicators of work, health, and health related behaviours remained unchanged.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>Receiving a permanent job contract after fixed term employment is associated with favourable changes in job security and job satisfaction. The corresponding increase in sickness absence might be due to a reduction in presenteeism and the wearing off of health related selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.12.948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,21]],"date-time":"2003-11-21T22:08:57Z","timestamp":1069452537000},"page":"948-953","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["From insecure to secure employment: changes in work, health, health related behaviours, and sickness absence"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Kivim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Elovainio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Vahtera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J E","family":"Ferrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.1","unstructured":"Letourneux V. Precarious employment and working conditions in the European Union. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1997."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.7.494"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.8.569"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.628","volume":"27","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.5","unstructured":"Sverke M, Gallagher DG, Hellgren J. Job stress, well-being, and work attitudes among employees with different employment contracts. In: Isaksson K, Hogstredt C, Eriksson C, Theorell T, eds. Health effects of the new labour market. New York: Kluwer Academic\/Plenum Publishers, 2000:145\u201367."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1379(199901)20:1<35::AID-JOB879>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1080\/135943299398366","volume":"8","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Work Organ Psychol"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90281-X","volume":"38","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/B1KM-VGN7-50GF-8XJ4"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7015.1264"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135910539700200307"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(97)00158-5","volume":"46","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7287.647"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/BPFG-X3ME-LHTA-6RPV"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.7.502"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6635.1508","volume":"296","year":"1988","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.82.6.858"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7240.971"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)03216-9"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.ep11348781","volume":"16","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soc Health Illness"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(97)10139-3","volume":"47","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.22","first-page":"98","volume":"67","year":"2000","journal-title":"P\u00e4tk\u00e4ty\u00f6t Suomessa 1990-luvulla [Contingent employment in Finland in 1990s]."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.23","unstructured":"Statistics Finland. Tilastotietoa, Suomi lukuina, ty\u00f6el\u00e4m\u00e4, ty\u00f6tt\u00f6myys, 1998 [Statistics, Finland in Figures, Working life, Unemployment, 1998] http:\/\/www.stat.fi\/tk\/tp\/tasku\/taskut\/en.html. Searched 12 April 2001."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.9.693"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/02678378908256952","volume":"3","year":"1989","journal-title":"Work Stress"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2460060105","volume":"6","year":"1990","journal-title":"Stress Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.27","unstructured":"Lehto A-M. Ty\u00f6el\u00e4m\u00e4n laatu ja tasa-arvo tuotannossa [The quality of working life and equality in production]. Helsinki: Tilastokeskus, 1991."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076546"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02678379608256809"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.30","unstructured":"Tuomi K, Ilmarinen J, Jahkola A, et al. Work Ability Index, 2nd revised edn. Occupational Health Care 19. Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 1998."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/51.5.318"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.32","unstructured":"Goldberg DP. The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire Maudsley monograph no. 21. London: Oxford University Press, 1972."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291796004242"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.34","unstructured":"SAS. Technical report P-243. SAS\/STAT software: the genmod procedure, release 6.09. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc, 1993."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.35","unstructured":"Cohen J, Cohen P. Applied multiple regression\/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Erlbaum, NJ: Hillsdale, 1983."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.6.405"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.37","unstructured":"Hartley J, Jacobson D, Klandermans B, et al. Job insecurity: coping with jobs at risk London: Sage Publications Ltd, 1991."},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8998.5.3.337"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(91)90122-S","volume":"32","year":"1991","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-197603000-00009"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.41","first-page":"225","volume":"30","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Prev Soc Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.42","first-page":"289","volume":"44","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"2024052311242491000_60.12.948.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93068-K"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.60.12.948","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T19:27:30Z","timestamp":1716492450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oem.60.12.948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,21]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oem.60.12.948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.60.12.948","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,21]]}}}