{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T19:29:30Z","timestamp":1793129370421,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T03:08:22Z","timestamp":1445483302000},"page":"83-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Long-term exposure to diesel engine exhaust induces primary DNA damage: a population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Huawei","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingfeng","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanfeng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haisheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanfa","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weimin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-1","first-page":"120","article-title":"IARC: diesel engine exhaust carcinogenic","volume":"20","author":"IARC","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1204989","article-title":"Lung cancer and elemental carbon exposure in trucking industry workers","volume":"120","author":"Garshick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7195","article-title":"Lung cancer in railroad workers exposed to diesel exhaust","volume":"112","author":"Garshick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs035","article-title":"The Diesel Exhaust in Miners study: a cohort mortality study with emphasis on lung cancer","volume":"104","author":"Attfield","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390802328580","article-title":"Evaluation of primary DNA damage, cytogenetic biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms for CYP1A1 and GSTM1 in road tunnel construction workers","volume":"71","author":"Villarini","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/03067318108071903","article-title":"The identification of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives in mutagenic fractions of diesel particulate extracts","volume":"9","author":"Schuetzle","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Environ Anal Chem"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1039\/an9962101183","article-title":"Elemental carbon-based method for occupational monitoring of particulate diesel exhaust: methodology and exposure issues","volume":"121","author":"Birch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-013-0913-6","article-title":"Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as a comprehensive carcinogenic biomarker of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a cross-sectional study of coke oven workers in China","volume":"87","author":"Yamano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00116","article-title":"Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urine of mining workers occupationally exposed to diesel exhaust","volume":"204","author":"Seidel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(96)83963-4","article-title":"Biomonitoring of diesel exhaust-exposed workers. DNA and hemoglobin adducts and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as markers of exposure","volume":"86","author":"Nielsen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1385\/MB:26:3:249","article-title":"The comet assay for DNA damage and repair: principles, applications, and limitations","volume":"26","author":"Collins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1080\/10590500902885684","article-title":"8-hydroxy-2\u2019 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG): a critical biomarker of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis","volume":"27","author":"Valavanidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-13","first-page":"208","article-title":"[Endonuclease modified comet assay for oxidative DNA damage induced by detection of genetic toxiants]","volume":"48","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(03)00041-8","article-title":"Measurement of DNA oxidation in human cells by chromatographic and enzymic methods","volume":"34","author":"ESCODD","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-1767fje","article-title":"Establishing the background level of base oxidation in human lymphocyte DNA: results of an interlaboratory validation study","volume":"19","author":"Gedik","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2005.03.004","article-title":"Genotoxic damage in mine workers exposed to diesel exhaust, and the effects of glutathione transferase genotypes","volume":"583","author":"Knudsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-17","first-page":"355","article-title":"[Using HPLC-MS\/MS method to analyze monohydroxy metabolites of PAHs in urine]","volume":"39","author":"Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2012.04.001","article-title":"Genetic damage induced by organic extract of coke oven emissions on human bronchial epithelial cells","volume":"26","author":"Zhai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.063735","article-title":"Clinical-scale high-throughput analysis of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2\u2019-deoxyguanosine by isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with on-line solid-phase extraction","volume":"52","author":"Hu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs034","article-title":"The Diesel Exhaust in Miners study: a nested case-control study of lung cancer and diesel exhaust","volume":"104","author":"Silverman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1021\/es062863j","article-title":"Characterizing and biological monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in exposures to diesel exhaust","volume":"41","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4137\/BIC.S10065","article-title":"Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as a biomarker to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure","volume":"4","author":"Ifegwu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomark Cancer"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.5","article-title":"The comet assay: a method to measure DNA damage in individual cells","volume":"1","author":"Olive","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2013.801517","article-title":"Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in traffic policemen exposed to vehicle exhaust","volume":"18","author":"Prasad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2005.06.012","article-title":"Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage by particulate air pollution","volume":"592","author":"Risom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.11-0074-OA","article-title":"Elevated oxidative damage in kitchen workers in Chinese restaurants","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Occup Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3351","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0075","article-title":"Effects on Chinese restaurant workers of exposure to cooking oil fumes: a cautionary note on urinary 8-hydroxy-2\u2019-deoxyguanosine","volume":"17","author":"Pan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.SR09-41","article-title":"Sources of extracellular, oxidatively-modified DNA lesions: implications for their measurement in urine","volume":"45","author":"Cooke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Biochem Nutr"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.05.003","article-title":"The nucleotide pool is a significant target for oxidative stress","volume":"41","author":"Haghdoost","year":"2006","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-30","first-page":"1005","article-title":"The comet assay as a rapid test in biomonitoring occupational exposure to DNA-damaging agents and effect of confounding factors","volume":"9","author":"Moller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/ges035","article-title":"Oxidative damage to DNA by diesel exhaust particle exposure in co-cultures of human lung epithelial cells and macrophages","volume":"27","author":"Jantzen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3109\/08958378.2012.654856","article-title":"Alteration of peripheral blood monocyte gene expression in humans following diesel exhaust inhalation","volume":"24","author":"Pettit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919-33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgg144","article-title":"Oxidative DNA damage and defence gene expression in the mouse lung after short-term exposure to diesel exhaust particles by inhalation","volume":"24","author":"Risom","year":"2003","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T07:21:03Z","timestamp":1601104863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oemed-2015-102919","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]]}}}