{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T07:54:31Z","timestamp":1773302071712,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000029","name":"Institute of Gender and Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000029","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Workplace violence carries a substantial economic loss burden. Up to 10% of all traumatic brain injury (TBI) admissions result from physical assault. There remains a paucity of research on assault as a mechanism of injury, taking into account sex, and its association with work re-entry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to characterise, by sex, the sample of workers who had sustained a work-related mild TBI (wr-mTBI) and to assess the independent influence of assault, as a mechanism of injury, on time away from work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population-based retrospective cohort of workers\u2019 compensation claimants in Australia (n=3129) who had sustained a wr-mTBI was used for this study. A multivariable logistic regression analysis assessed whether workers who had sustained wr-mTBI as a result of assault (wr-mTBI-assault) were more likely to claim time off work compared with workers who had sustained a wr-mTBI due to other mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among claimants who sustained a wr-mTBI, 9% were as a result of assault. The distribution of demographic and vocational variables differed between the wr-mTBI-assault, and not due to assault, both in the full sample, and separately for men and women. After controlling for potential confounding factors, workers who sustained wr-mTBI-assault, compared with other mechanisms, were more likely to take days off work (OR 2.14, 95%\u2009CI 1.53 to 2.99) within a 3-month timeframe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results have policy-related implications. Sex-specific and workplace-specific prevention strategies need to be considered and provisions to support return-to-work and well-being within this vulnerable cohort should be examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2018-105621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T21:15:41Z","timestamp":1558732541000},"page":"471-478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Assault predicts time away from work after claims for work-related mild traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Reema","family":"Shafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8286-4563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter M","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Colantonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020050723133491000_76.7.471.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181ccc8b4"},{"key":"2020050723133491000_76.7.471.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn189"},{"key":"2020050723133491000_76.7.471.3","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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