{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T12:15:57Z","timestamp":1774354557182,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study estimated the prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction and coal workers\u2019 pneumoconiosis (CWP) among never-smoking coal miners participating in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Coal Workers\u2019 Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from working miners screened by a CWHSP mobile unit who had valid spirometry and chest radiography results. Spirometry-defined airflow obstruction was determined when the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity is less than the lower limit of normal. Chest radiographs were classified according to the International Labour Office system to identify pneumoconiosis, including the most severe form of pneumoconiosis, progressive massive fibrosis (PMF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence of airflow obstruction among never-smoking coal miners in this sample was 7.7% overall, 16.4% among miners with CWP and 32.3% among miners with PMF. Airflow obstruction was significantly associated with CWP and PMF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a higher prevalence of airflow obstruction among never-smoking coal miners with pneumoconiosis compared with those without pneumoconiosis. These findings support prior research on airflow obstruction and smoking and show pneumoconiosis might present with an obstructive pattern regardless of smoking status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T22:15:44Z","timestamp":1581372944000},"page":"265-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction in never-smoking working US coal miners by pneumoconiosis status"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4335-1700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Kurth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3036-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony S","family":"Laney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Blackley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cara N","family":"Halldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.3.605","article-title":"Pulmonary function of U.S. coal miners related to dust exposure estimates","volume":"145","author":"Attfield","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.1.38","article-title":"Occupational dust exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic overview of the evidence","volume":"148","author":"Oxman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4887","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.901820","article-title":"Emphysema and airflow obstruction in non-smoking coal miners with pneumoconiosis","volume":"22","author":"Alt\u0131nsoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-4","volume-title":"Specifications for medical examinations of coal miners","year":"2016"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-5","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Coal Workers\u2019 Health Surveillance Program, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/topics\/cwhsp [Accessed 25 Jul 2019]."},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805","article-title":"Standardisation of spirometry","volume":"26","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00035205","article-title":"Interpretative strategies for lung function tests","volume":"26","author":"Pellegrino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-8","volume-title":"Guidelines for the use of the ILO International classification of radiographs of pneumoconiosis","year":"2011"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-018-0581-0","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of COPD among pneumoconiosis patients at an occupational disease prevention Institute: a cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Peng","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22930","article-title":"Airflow obstruction among ever\u2010employed U.S. adults aged 18\u201079 years by industry and occupation: NHANES 2007\u20102008 to 2011\u20102012","volume":"62","author":"Kurth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22958","article-title":"Occupational exposure and airflow obstruction and COPD among ever-employed U.S. adults aged 18\u201379 years using a COPD-JEM: NHANES 2007\u20132008 to 2011\u20132012","volume":"62","author":"Doney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-0118","article-title":"Profusion of opacities in simple coal worker's pneumoconiosis is associated with reduced lung function","volume":"148","author":"Blackley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T10:43:28Z","timestamp":1601117008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oemed-2019-106213","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]}}}