{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T03:49:40Z","timestamp":1780890580530,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ref: 206757\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref: 206757\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Byssinosis remains a significant problem among textile workers in low\/middle-income countries. Here we share our experience of using different prediction equations for assessing \u2018chronic\u2019 byssinosis according to the standard WHO classification using measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We enrolled 1910 workers in a randomised controlled trial of an intervention to improve the health of textile workers in Pakistan. We included in analyses the 1724 (90%) men who performed pre-bronchodilator spirometry tests of acceptable quality. We compared four different equations for deriving lung function percentage predicted values among those with symptoms-based byssinosis: the third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III, with \u2018North Indian and Pakistani\u2019 conversion factor); the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI, \u2018other or mixed ethnicities\u2019); a recent equation derived from survey of a western Indian population; and one based on an older and smaller survey of Karachi residents.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n 58 men (3.4%) had symptoms-based byssinosis according to WHO criteria. Of these, the proportions with a reduced FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (<80% predicted) identified using NHANES and GLI; Indian and Pakistani reference equations were 40%, 41%, 14% and 12%, respectively. Much of this variation was eliminated when we substituted FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (<lower limit of normality) as a measure of airway obstruction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Accurate measures of occupational disease frequency and distribution require approaches that are both standardised and meaningful. We should reconsider the WHO definition of \u2018chronic\u2019 byssinosis based on changes in FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n , and instead use the FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \/FVC.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2021-107680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T13:40:24Z","timestamp":1637329224000},"page":"242-244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of using different predictive equations on the prevalence of chronic byssinosis in textile workers in Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8174-1625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asaad Ahmed","family":"Nafees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Zia","family":"Muneer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8256-2661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"De Matteis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Burney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cullinan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10803548.2013.11077009"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13090895","article-title":"Cotton dust exposure and respiratory disorders among textile workers at a textile company in the southern part of Benin","volume":"13","author":"Hinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommended health-based occupational exposure limits for selected vegetable dusts","volume":"684","year":"1983","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.4","unstructured":"Schilling RSF , Vigliani EC , Lammers B . A report on a conference on byssinosis. 14th International Conference on occupational health, Madrid. Amsterdam: International Congress Series. No.62, 1963: 137\u201344."},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-3743-3"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.9712108"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1183\/09041950.005s1693","article-title":"Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Report Working Party standardization of lung function tests, European community for steel and coal. official statement of the European respiratory Society","volume":"16","author":"Quanjer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Respir J Suppl"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00080312"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02129-2019","article-title":"Normal spirometry predictive values for the Western Indian adult population","volume":"56","author":"Agarwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.11","first-page":"193","article-title":"Spirometric reference values in healthy, non-smoking, urban Pakistani population","volume":"57","author":"Memon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"2022031408301127000_79.4.242.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201904-0717ST"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2021-107680","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T11:33:17Z","timestamp":1647257597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2021-107680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oemed-2021-107680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oemed-2021-107680","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.741208210.793592616","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0711","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-7926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]}}}