{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T12:28:55Z","timestamp":1753273735871,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647907200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to examine exposure\u2013response relations between surgery for subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) and intensities of lifting\/carrying and pushing\/pulling loads during a 10-year time window.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a register-based cohort study (2003\u20132008), comprising persons born in Denmark (1933\u20131977) with \u22655 years of work experience (N=2 374 403). Information on surgery for SIS was retrieved from the Danish National Patient Register (N=14 188). Occupational mechanical exposures comprising lifting\/carrying loads \u226510\u2009kg and pushing\/pulling loads \u226550\u2009kg were assessed by combining individual register-based job codes with our expert-based Shoulder job exposure matrix. We created three intensity-specific exposure duration variables by dividing the intensity for lifting\/carrying and pushing\/pulling loads into three categories (low, medium and high), and summed up number of years in each exposure category for a 10-year time window. The associations were analysed using logistic regression technique equivalent to discrete survival analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The adjusted OR (OR<jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>) increased with both exposure duration and intensity of lifting\/carrying and pushing\/pulling. For lifting\/carrying, the OR<jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>reached a maximum of 1.78 (95% CI 1.66 to 1.89), 2.52 (95% CI 2.32 to 2.74) and 2.96 (95% CI 2.53 to 3.47) after 10 years of exposures for the three exposure intensities. For pushing\/pulling, maximum OR<jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>was 1.44 (95% CI 1.31 to 1.58), 1.68 (95% CI 1.58 to 1.79) and 1.72 (95% CI 1.50 to 2.00), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found exposure\u2013response relations for lifting\/carrying and pushing\/pulling across the 10-year time window. The risk was especially pronounced for lifting\/carrying compared with pushing\/pulling. We did not find indications of safe exposure intensities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2021-108166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T17:26:38Z","timestamp":1647969998000},"page":"618-623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Occupational lifting, carrying, pushing, pulling loads and risk of surgery for subacromial impingement syndrome: a register-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Riddervold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan Hviid","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8657-1688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annett","family":"Dalb\u00f8ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(03)00047-0","article-title":"Anatomical and biomechanical mechanisms of subacromial impingement syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Michener","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2895"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2017-104339"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.4","unstructured":"Dalb\u00f8ge A , Svendsen SW , Frost P . Association between occupational mechanical exposures and subacromial impingement syndrome: a reference document. The National Board of Industrial Injuries and the Occupational Diseases Committee in Denmark, 2017."},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seidler A , Romero Starke K , Freiberg A , et al . Dose\u2013Response relationship between physical workload and specific shoulder Diseases\u2014A systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:1243.doi:10.3390\/ijerph17041243","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041243"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-020-01551-4","article-title":"Work above shoulder level and shoulder complaints: a systematic review","volume":"93","author":"W\u00e6rsted","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2017-104511"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2016.01.010","article-title":"Exposure-response relationships for work-related neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders--Analyses of pooled uniform data sets","volume":"55","author":"Nordander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2491-6","article-title":"Work-related neck and upper limb disorders - quantitative exposure-response relationships adjusted for personal characteristics and psychosocial conditions","volume":"20","author":"Balogh","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2014-102161"},{"key":"2023100119250967000_79.9.618.11","unstructured":"Dalb\u00f8ge A . Occupational cumulative exposures as risk factors for surgery for subacromial impingement syndrome. 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