{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T22:34:10Z","timestamp":1762986850158,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French national agency","award":["ANR-11-INBS-0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-INBS-0002"]}]},{"name":"French national health insurance","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Teachers\u2019 mental health, an important asset for society, may be impacted by security or health crises alongside more structural changes. Our primary aim was to assess 2012\u20132022 trends in depressive symptoms among French teachers compared to similar employees. We further examined concomitant trends in job dissatisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Within the ongoing French national CONSTANCES cohort, depressive symptoms were regularly assessed (up to four times between 2012 and 2022) using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D, score 0\u201360). We used mixed models adjusted for sociodemographic factors to estimate mean parameters (95% CI) of CES-D variations between 2012 and 2022 among teachers (n=15 022) compared with other intermediate or managerial\/professional occupations (n=21 361). We similarly studied changes in job dissatisfaction (score 1\u20138) from 2018 (first occurrence in questionnaires) to 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2012, teachers\u2019 CES-D was slightly lower on average compared with that of non-teachers (\u22120.66 point (\u22121.19 to \u22120.12)), but tended to increase more rapidly over the decade, particularly in the years concomitant to the COVID-19 pandemic (+0.14 point\/year (0.01 to 0.27)). By 2022, the gap had closed. Job dissatisfaction followed a somewhat different pattern: slightly lower among teachers in 2018, it increased at first more rapidly compared with non-teachers, but then stabilised, in parallel with the waning of the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights unfavourable long-term trends in the mental well-being of French teachers. Although clinical changes at individual levels would be mostly imperceptible, our findings concern a large population of key professionals, suggesting their growing needs for mental health support in the long run.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2025-110273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T17:20:30Z","timestamp":1759771230000},"page":"415-422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How is the mental health of teachers faring? A 10-year follow-up study of depressive symptoms and job dissatisfaction in the CONSTANCES cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Justine","family":"Wenta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MGEN Foundation for Public Health, Paris, France"},{"name":"Sorbonne University, Faculty of Health, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0459-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Billaudeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MGEN Foundation for Public Health, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4466-2543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Temam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MGEN Foundation for Public Health, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofiane","family":"Kab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, UMS 011 \u00abPopulation-Based Cohorts Unit\u00bb, Paris Cit\u00e9 University, Paris, France"},{"name":"UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Versailles, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6161-5880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, UMS 011 \u00abPopulation-Based Cohorts Unit\u00bb, Paris Cit\u00e9 University, Paris, France"},{"name":"UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Versailles, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9292-1939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Vuillermoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MGEN Foundation for Public Health, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9735-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-No\u00ebl","family":"Vercambre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MGEN Foundation for Public Health, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.03.046","article-title":"Is teachers\u2019 mental health and wellbeing associated with students\u2019 mental health and wellbeing?","volume":"253","author":"Harding","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckr043"},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.3","unstructured":"UNESCO . International task force on teachers for education 2030. Addressing Teacher Shortages; Highlights; 2023."},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/00028312038003499"},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2015.0347"},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811724","article-title":"Teachers\u2019 Health: How General, Mental and Functional Health Indicators Compare to Other Employees? 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Available: https:\/\/www.educationsolidarite.org\/en\/our-actions\/international-barometer-of-the-health-and-well-being-of-education-personnel\/ [Accessed 21 Feb 2025]."},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-019-01431-6","article-title":"Burnout symptomatology and social support at work independent of the private sphere: a population-based study of French teachers","volume":"92","author":"Temam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2025111214201679000_82.9.415.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckae167","article-title":"Remote workers\u2019 life quality and stress during COVID-19: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Elisabetta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"}],"container-title":["Occupational and Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2025-110273","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T22:20:27Z","timestamp":1762986027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/oem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/oemed-2025-110273"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/oemed-2025-110273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oemed-2025-110273","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0711","1470-7926"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1351-0711"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1470-7926"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}