{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T13:06:27Z","timestamp":1784725587867,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005747","name":"A.P. M\u00f8ller Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["L-2023-00086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L-2023-00086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Working Environment Research Fund","award":["24-2021-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-2021-04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to investigate the association between occupational standing, walking and forward bending during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This register-based study examined all labour-active pregnant women in Denmark between 2004 and 2018, comprising 803\u2009829 pregnancies among 475\u2009312\u2009women. Occupational exposure to standing, walking and forward bending \u226530\u00b0 was assessed with a quantitative, pregnancy-specific job exposure matrix, based on the woman\u2019s occupational code in the occupational and industry register, at the year of pregnancy start. Information on miscarriage was retrieved from the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR). Statistics Denmark, the Danish Medical Birth Registry and the DNPR provided information on potential confounders. Absence data, sourced from the Danish Register for Evaluation and Marginalisation (DREAM), were assessed as an effect modifier. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) using Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All three exposures were associated with increased hazards for miscarriage. The aHR for miscarriage was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.04) per additional hour of occupational\n                      <jats:italic>standing<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 1.18 (95% CI: 1.15 to 1.22) per additional hour of occupational\n                      <jats:italic>walking<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.30 to 1.41) per additional hour of occupational\n                      <jats:italic>forward bending<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The aHR was more pronounced among women with absence from work the preceding week than among those without. Post hoc quartile analyses indicated a consistent exposure\u2013response relationship for forward bending, while the associations for standing and walking decreased at the highest quartile.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found an elevated risk of miscarriage associated with all three occupational exposures. Replication in comparable populations incorporating smoking status and other health information is needed to validate these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2025-110712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:05:15Z","timestamp":1781827515000},"page":"181-187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Occupational standing, walking and forward bending during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage: a Danish nationwide, register-based, cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5486-8112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah N\u00f8rtoft","family":"Frankel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5869-6221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla Sandal","family":"Sejbaek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esben Meulengracht","family":"Flachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8422-9969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mette","family":"Korsh\u00f8j","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Social Medicine, Holb\u00e6k Hospital, Holb\u00e6k, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Soegaard Toettenborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8181-3673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens Peter Ellekilde","family":"Bonde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Deen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0635-4144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Aavang","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina Bach","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-8558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luise M\u00f8lenberg","family":"Begtrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072205351195000_83.4.181.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00682-6"},{"key":"2026072205351195000_83.4.181.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04585-3","article-title":"Factors affecting the emotional wellbeing of women and men who experience miscarriage in hospital settings: a scoping review","volume":"22","author":"Galeotti","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2026072205351195000_83.4.181.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3337"},{"key":"2026072205351195000_83.4.181.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.08.059"},{"key":"2026072205351195000_83.4.181.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2019-106334"},{"key":"2026072205351195000_83.4.181.6","unstructured":"Statistics Explained: Gender statistics. 2025. 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