{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T13:06:51Z","timestamp":1784725611225,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007437","name":"TrygFonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007437","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Occup Environ Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a major occupational health challenge and a leading cause of disability and economic burden worldwide. However, prospective evidence on how pain intensity across multiple body regions affects long-term labour market participation and production losses remains limited. This study quantifies working-life expectancy (WLE) and working years lost (WYL) associated with multisite MSP among senior workers and introduces a novel method to estimate its related economic burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study includes 23\u2009071 Danish employees aged 50\u201366 years from the SeniorWorkingLife study (2018 and 2022), linked to national labour-market registers through 2024. Self-reported pain intensity (low, moderate, high) in four body regions was examined. WLE and WYL were estimated using the expected labour market affiliation method, and economic costs were calculated from individual wage data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moderate-to-high pain in two body regions was associated with reduced WLE and higher production losses. Employees with high back and leg pain had mean annual losses of \u20ac8167 per person (\u20ac58.8\u2009million total), with 38% attributable to sickness absence. Total losses linked to back and leg pain were estimated at \u20ac2.0\u2009billion (0.5% of Denmark\u2019s GDP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MSP in senior workers, particularly when affecting multiple body regions, imposes a substantial economic burden through reduced WLE and increased sickness absence. Targeted interventions are needed to manage MSP and sustain employment among older workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2026-110952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:57:39Z","timestamp":1782845859000},"page":"223-232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in Danish senior workers: a working-life expectancy approach"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"83","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03634410","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4429-3485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Health Economics, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Schultz Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Health Economics, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4167-9174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melody","family":"Almroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Occupational Medicine at the Insitution for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emil","family":"Sundstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscoloskeletal Health, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2777-8085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars L","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscoloskeletal Health, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072205351196000_83.4.223.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00757-8","article-title":"Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"403","author":"Ferrari","year":"2024","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2026072205351196000_83.4.223.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41571","article-title":"Prevalence, Deaths, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years Due to Musculoskeletal Disorders for 195 Countries and Territories 1990-2017","volume":"73","author":"Safiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026072205351196000_83.4.223.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-011-0709-5"},{"key":"2026072205351196000_83.4.223.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04655-1","article-title":"Musculoskeletal pain intensity in different body regions and risk of disability pension among female eldercare workers: prospective cohort study with 11-year register follow-up","volume":"22","author":"Bl\u00e1foss","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2026072205351196000_83.4.223.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003176","article-title":"Does the distribution of musculoskeletal pain shape the fate of long-term sick leave? 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