{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:40:31Z","timestamp":1787017231462,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator award","award":["NF-SI-0514-10155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NF-SI-0514-10155"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to undertake a contemporary review of the impact of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) targeted at patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted searches of PubMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library of Controlled Trials (up until 30 November 2017) using key terms related to exercise-based CR and AF. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were included if they compared the effects of an exercise-based CR intervention to a no exercise or usual care control group. Meta-analyses of outcomes were conducted where appropriate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The nine randomised trials included 959 (483 exercise-based CR vs 476 controls) patients with various types of AF. Compared with control, pooled analysis showed no difference in all-cause mortality (risk ratio (RR) 1.08, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.53, p=0.64) following exercise-based CR. However, there were improvements in health-related quality of life (mean SF-36 mental component score (MCS): 4.00, 95% CI 0.26 to 7.74; p=0.04 and mean SF-36 physical component score: 1.82, 95% CI 0.06 to 3.59; p=0.04) and exercise capacity (mean peak VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 1.59 ml\/kg\/min, 95% CI 0.11 to 3.08; p=0.04; mean 6 min walk test: 46.9 m, 95% CI 26.4 to 67.4; p&lt;0.001) with exercise-based CR. Improvements were also seen in AF symptom burden and markers of cardiac function.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise capacity, cardiac function, symptom burden and health-related quality of life were improved with exercise-based CR in the short term (up to 6 months) targeted at patients with AF. However, high-quality multicentre randomised trials are needed to clarify the impact of exercise-based CR on key patient and health system outcomes (including health-related quality of life, mortality, hospitalisation and costs) and how these effects may vary across AF subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2018-000880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T06:25:57Z","timestamp":1545373557000},"page":"e000880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation improves exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in people with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised trials"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Neil A","family":"Smart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Devon, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4774-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey D","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Research, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa J","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John L","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Research, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe S","family":"Risom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Nursing, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rod S","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Research, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.019893"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.032"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.12.093"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw210"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01236-6"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcnurse.2003.12.002"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.10.057"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314538855"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.9","first-page":"CD008600","article-title":"Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"4","author":"Clarkesmith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025081710234348000_5.2.e000880.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0170060","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170060","article-title":"Cardiovascular exercise and burden of arrhythmia in patients with atrial fibrillation - 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