{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:48:43Z","timestamp":1755794923089,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007212","name":"V\u00e4stra G\u00f6talandsregionen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research council Fyrbodal"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Persons with type 1 diabetes have a higher risk to develop heart failure than the general population, and the mechanism behind the increased risk is unclear. In epidemiological studies with hospitalisation for heart failure as endpoint HbA1c, body mass index and decreased kidney function are significant risk factors, but it is unclear how these risk factors influence the development of heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, we investigated early signs of systolic and diastolic dysfunction with transthoracic echocardiography. Statistical analysis on correlation of risk factors and early signs of diastolic and systolic dysfunction was made.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study population of 287 persons with type 1 diabetes, 160 were men and 127 were women with a mean age of 53.8 (SD 11.6) years and a mean diabetes duration of 36.2 (SD 13.5) years. There were 23 (8.2%) persons who fulfilled the definition of systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction &lt;50%\u2009or regional wall motion abnormalities) and 24 persons (9%) the definition for diastolic dysfunction. When comparing the groups with either systolic or diastolic dysfunction to the rest of the population, the only significant risk factor was age in both groups and previous myocardial infarction in the systolic group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In our study population with type 1 diabetes, we found signs of diastolic dysfunction in 9% and systolic dysfunction in 8.2%. Compared with published data from the general population, this rate is somewhat higher in a younger population. Only age was a significant risk factor in the study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2019-001020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T05:05:13Z","timestamp":1575522313000},"page":"e001020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of early signs of systolic and diastolic dysfunction among persons with type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8218-0356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Vestberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, NU-hospital Group, Trollhattan\/Uddevalla, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magnus Carl","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Goteborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anette","family":"Letho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, NU-hospital Group, Trollhattan\/Uddevalla, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldina","family":"Pivodic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistiska Konsultgruppen, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Hallstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnd\u00eds Finna","family":"\u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, NU-hospital Group, Trollhattan\/Uddevalla, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Rosengren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Lind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, NU-hospital Group, Trollhattan\/Uddevalla, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.1","unstructured":"Gudbj\u00f6rnsdottir S . NDR yearly rapport, 2016. Available: www.ndr.nu"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-3914-7"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296816652901"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001321","article-title":"Risk of cardiovascular disease and total mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes: Scottish registry linkage study","volume":"9","author":"Livingstone","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.658948"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00292-2","article-title":"Long-term excess risk of heart failure in people with type 1 diabetes: a prospective case\u2013control study","volume":"3","author":"Rosengren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60471-6"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296815596174","article-title":"Decreased eGFR as a risk factor for heart failure in 13 781 individuals with type 1 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Vestberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2007"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164116637310"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-016-0351-3","article-title":"Early changes in cardiovascular structure and function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"15","author":"Bradley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2013.09.013"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jep007"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.592"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.652149"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-S010"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3164-5"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.793471"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.194"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2011.01.016"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0012"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.12.005","article-title":"Quantification of diastolic dysfunction via the age dependence of diastolic function\u2014impact of insulin resistance with and without type 2 diabetes","volume":"182","author":"von Bibra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024825"},{"key":"2025081612035051000_6.2.e001020.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.11.015"}],"container-title":["Open Heart"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/openhrt-2019-001020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]],"date-time":"2025-08-16T19:03:59Z","timestamp":1755371039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/openheart.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/openhrt-2019-001020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/openhrt-2019-001020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/openhrt-2019-001020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-3624"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2053-3624"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}}}