{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:36:48Z","timestamp":1768282608904,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573171200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Norwegian Council on Cardiovascular Disease"},{"name":"The Odd Fellow Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aetiology of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is largely unknown, but inflammation is likely to play a central role in the pathogenesis. In this present study, we aim to investigate the complement receptors in TAA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Aortic tissue and blood from 31 patients with non-syndromic TAA undergoing thoracic aortic repair surgery were collected. Aortic tissue and blood from 36 patients with atherosclerosis undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery or aortic valve replacement were collected and served as control material. The expression of the complement anaphylatoxin receptors C3aR1, C5aR1 and C5aR2 in aortic tissue were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and C5aR2 protein by immunohistochemistry. Colocalisation of C5aR2 to different cell types was analysed by immunofluorescence. Complement activation products C3bc and sC5b-9 were measured in plasma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared with controls, TAA patients had substantial (73%) downregulated gene expression of C5aR2 as seen both at the mRNA (p=0.005) level and protein (p=0.03) level. In contrast, there were no differences in the expression of C3aR1 and C5aR1 between the two groups. Immunofluorescence examination showed that C5aR2 was colocalised to macrophages and T cells in the aortic media. There were no differences in the degree of systemic complement activation between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest downregulation of the C5aR2, regarded to act mainly anti-inflammatory, in electively operated TAA as compared with non-aneurysmatic aortas of patients with aortic stenosis and\/or coronary artery disease. This may tip the balance towards a relative increase in the inflammatory responses induced by C5aR1 and thus enhance the inflammatory processes in TAA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2019-001098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T06:15:13Z","timestamp":1573452913000},"page":"e001098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Selective and marked decrease of complement receptor C5aR2 in human thoracic aortic aneurysms: a dysregulation with potential inflammatory effects"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3320-2808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margrethe Flesvig","family":"Holt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn E","family":"Seim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"\u00d8gaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria B","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per R","family":"Woldb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John-Peder Escobar","family":"Kvitting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Aukrust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Yndestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom Eirik","family":"Mollnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research Laboratory and Faculty of Health Sciences, Nordland Hospital, Bod\u00f8, Norway"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen TREC - Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Troms\u00f8, Troms\u00f8, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per H","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Linnaeus Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mieke C","family":"Louwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trine","family":"Ranheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181d4739e"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"013","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1639612","article-title":"Genes associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection: 2018 update and clinical implications","volume":"06","author":"Brownstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"AORTA"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S1866","article-title":"Prevalence of risk factors, coronary and systemic atherosclerosis in abdominal aortic aneurysm: comparison with high cardiovascular risk population","volume":"4","author":"Palazzuoli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2017.01.008","article-title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm\u2014an independent disease to atherosclerosis?","volume":"27","author":"Toghill","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Pathology"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.10.039"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2009.139"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12471","article-title":"Dangerous liaisons: complement, coagulation, and kallikrein\/kinin cross-talk act as a linchpin in the events leading to thromboinflammation","volume":"274","author":"Ekdahl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1923"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00893.x"},{"key":"2025081709555854000_6.2.e001098.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skjeflo EW , Sagatun C , Dybwik K , et al . 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