{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T21:03:45Z","timestamp":1760821425066,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695168000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss Excellence Scholarship","award":["ESKAS 2022.0571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ESKAS 2022.0571"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3247730_204523","33CS30-139468","33CS30-148401","33CS30_177535","33CSCO-122661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3247730_204523","33CS30-139468","33CS30-148401","33CS30_177535","33CSCO-122661"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne","award":["none"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["none"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["none"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["none"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the continuing management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the population. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a major determinant of health. Whether the COVID-19 pandemic increased, the SES gap in CVD risk factors is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To compare the management of CVD risk factors and the SES gap before and during the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cross-sectional study conducted between 2018 and 2021 in Lausanne, Switzerland. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes were compared between the periods before (N=2416, 45.2% men, 65.3\u00b19.8 years) and during (N=776, 44.5% men, 63.9\u00b19.1 years) the COVID-19 pandemic. SES was defined by education and categorised as low (compulsory or apprenticeship), middle (high school) and high (university).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After multivariable analysis, the prevalence of hypertension increased, and awareness decreased during the pandemic: OR and (95% CI) 1.26 (1.04 to 1.53) and 0.70 (0.53 to 0.94), respectively. For dyslipidaemia, prevalence decreased during the pandemic 0.82 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.98); awareness did not change. For diabetes, prevalence did not change but awareness increased 5.76 (95% CI 1.23 to 27.04). No differences were found before and during the pandemic regarding treatment and control for all CVD risk factors. Relative to high SES, a decrease in hypertension awareness among middle SES categories was observed during the pandemic (OR and 95%\u2009CI 1.11 (0.73 to 1.69) before and 0.45 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.85) during, p for interaction&lt;0.05), while no other changes were found.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prevalence and management of CVD risk factors changed little during the pandemic. The SES gap did not increase except for hypertension awareness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2023-002368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T01:47:07Z","timestamp":1695174427000},"page":"e002368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CVD prevention between different socioeconomic groups in Switzerland"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3506-3701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ko Ko","family":"Maung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4548-8500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Marques-Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081709521432000_10.2.e002368.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"OECD . 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