{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:16:17Z","timestamp":1791234977635,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore the lived experience of people with myocardial ischaemia with no obstructive arteries.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Qualitative study using semistructured interviews.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Telephone interviews with 17 participants living in the UK.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>17 people (2 males, 15 females; aged 31\u201369 years) with a presumed or confirmed diagnosis of myocardial ischaemia with no obstructive arteries, recruited via social media and online patient-led support forums.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Five themes were generated. Theme 1 describes the wide range of experiences that participants described, particularly the frequency and intensity of symptoms, and the uncertainty and fear that symptoms commonly provoked. Theme 2 describes the major impact on social relationships, employment and other aspects of everyday life. Theme 3 illustrates challenging and traumatising experiences participants described around pathways to diagnosis and accessing medical support. Theme 4 highlights the lack of consensus and clarity that participants had been confronted with around treatment and management. Theme 5 describes coping and supportive strategies valued by participants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study provides insight into the challenges of living with myocardial ischaemia with no obstructive arteries. Findings highlight the significant psychological impact on people living with these conditions and the need for improvements in diagnosis, support and long-term management.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2023-002569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T12:40:46Z","timestamp":1707396046000},"page":"e002569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Living with myocardial ischaemia and no obstructive coronary arteries: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3474-2793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Behavioural Science and Applied Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Paddock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Behavioural Science and Applied Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Care Partnership, London, UK"},{"name":"International Heart Spasms Alliance, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2214-7137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aynsley","family":"Cowie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Rehabilitation, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Kilmarnock, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Dawkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK"},{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081710101777000_11.1.e002569.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907272"},{"key":"2025081710101777000_11.1.e002569.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00684-X","article-title":"The Lancet women and cardiovascular disease Commission: reducing the global burden by 2030","volume":"397","author":"Vogel","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2025081710101777000_11.1.e002569.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.0822","article-title":"Association of Sex With Severity of Coronary Artery Disease, ISCHEMIA, and Symptom Burden in Patients With Moderate or Severe ISCHEMIA: secondary Analysis of the ISCHEMIA Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"5","author":"Reynolds","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2025081710101777000_11.1.e002569.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2012.07.014"},{"key":"2025081710101777000_11.1.e002569.5","first-page":"2565","article-title":"Coronary vasomotion disorders international study group (COVADIS). 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