{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:50:10Z","timestamp":1755795010203,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":93,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004257","name":"Helse Vest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F-12523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-12523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004257","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["319705\/10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["319705\/10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aimed to study time trends of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke incidence rates among immigrant groups living in Norway, with a special focus on immigrants from South Asia and former Yugoslavia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All incident AMI and stroke events were identified in Norwegian residents aged 35\u201379 years during 1996\u20132019 using hospital and cause of death registry data. A 3-year wash-out period was used to identify incident events. Thus, cases were counted from 1999 onwards. We calculated annual age-standardised incidence rates using direct standardisation. Poisson regression was used to calculate the average annual change in incidence rates of AMI and stroke and to study differences between immigrant groups and the Norwegian-born population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Age-standardised incidence rates of AMI were higher in immigrants from South Asia and former Yugoslavia than in the Norwegian-born population. For Norwegian-born men and women, and former Yugoslavian women, the annual age-standardised AMI incidence rates declined over the study period by 2.4%, 2.0% and 2.3%, respectively. South Asian men and women and former Yugoslavian men did not experience such a decline, although there was an apparent decline in the last 3 years of the period for South Asian men. For former Yugoslavian men, this resulted in increasing differences compared with Norwegian-born men. For stroke, all these groups had declining trends in incidence rates, and former Yugoslavian women had the strongest decline of 4.3% annually.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During 1999\u20132019, immigrants from South Asia and former Yugoslavia did not experience the same beneficial decline in AMI incidence as the Norwegian-born population. However, both immigrant groups experienced similar or larger declines in the incidence of stroke as Norwegian-born men and women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2024-003114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T09:28:19Z","timestamp":1743758899000},"page":"e003114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trends in incidence rates of acute myocardial infarction and stroke among immigrant groups in Norway, 1999\u20132019: the NCDNOR project"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2834-9409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kjersti Stormark","family":"Rabanal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Helse Stavanger HF, Stavanger, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randi Marie","family":"Selmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jannicke","family":"Igland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Vestland, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Vestland, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8529-4826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inger","family":"Ariansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haakon Eduard","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10429-0","article-title":"Trend analysis of cardiovascular disease mortality, incidence, and mortality-to-incidence ratio: results from global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"21","author":"Amini","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318780033"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313495993"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ariansen I , Igland J , Ellekj\u00e6r H , et al . Time trends in stroke incidence rates in Norway 2001-2014: Analyses from the CVDNOR project. Nor J Epidemiol 2018. doi:10.5324\/nje.v28i1.2925","DOI":"10.5324\/nje.v28i1.2925"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.5","unstructured":"Kringeland E , Slung\u00e5rd GF , Forster RB , et al . Hjerte- og karregisteret. Rapport for 2022 (The Norwegian Cardiovascular Disease Registry \u2013 Report for 2022). Norwegian Institute of Public Health; 2023."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2412-z","article-title":"Ethnic inequalities in acute myocardial infarction and stroke rates in Norway 1994-2009: a nationwide cohort study (CVDNOR)","volume":"15","author":"Rabanal","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.7","unstructured":"Statistics Norway . Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents. Available: https:\/\/www.ssb.no\/en\/befolkning\/innvandrere\/statistikk\/innvandrere-og-norskfodte-med-innvandrerforeldre [Accessed 7 Mar 2024]."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.8","unstructured":"T\u00f8nnesen M , Syse A . Growing numbers of older immigrants in norway\u2019s future labour force - and how low emigration among older immigrants can make it possible to project their future education, employment and urbanity. NIBR-kortnotat. ISSN 2703-8831 (Online). Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research (NIBR), Oslo Metropolitan University; 2021."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948231214580","article-title":"National health registries - a \u201cgoldmine\u201d for studying non-communicable disease occurrence in Norway - the NCDNOR project","volume":"52","author":"Nystad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136547","article-title":"30-Day Survival Probabilities as a Quality Indicator for Norwegian Hospitals: Data Management and Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Hassani","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494815621641"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::AID-SIM336>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013542","article-title":"Trends in Acute Myocardial Infarction by Race and Ethnicity","volume":"9","author":"Chi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.14","first-page":"21","article-title":"Trends in ischaemic heart disease: patterns of hospitalisation and mortality rates differ by ethnicity (ANZACS-QI 21)","volume":"131","author":"Grey","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175556","article-title":"Temporal trends in stroke incidence in South Asian, Chinese and white patients: A population based analysis","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2007.122044"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-1047-2"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313500156"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhopal RS . A casual synthesis and models. In: Bhopal RS , ed. Epidemic of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Explaining the phenomenon in South Asians Worldwide. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2019: 198\u2013220.","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780198833246.003.0009"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.08.001","article-title":"Cardiometabolic disease in South Asians: A global health concern in an expanding population","volume":"27","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016819","article-title":"Can traditional risk factors explain the higher risk of cardiovascular disease in South Asians compared to Europeans in Norway and New Zealand? 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Who are the new working migrants from the newest EU-countries [Norwegian: Hvem er arbeidsinnvandrerne fra de nyeste EU-landene?]. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.ssb.no\/befolkning\/innvandrere\/artikler\/hvem-er-arbeidsinnvandrerne-fra-de-nyeste-eu-landene [Accessed 6 Mar 2024]."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.32","unstructured":"Statistics Norway . Table 05476: Immigration, emigration and net immigration, by citizenship 2003 - 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.ssb.no\/en\/statbank\/table\/05476\/ [Accessed 6 Mar 2024]."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.33","unstructured":"Kj\u00f8llesdal M , Straiton M , \u00d8ien-\u00d8degaard C , et al . Helse blant innvandrere i Norge [Health among immigrants in Norway]. Olso: Folkehelseinstituttet, 2019."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.34","unstructured":"Dzamarija MT . P\u00e5 Flukt Fra Bosnia-Hercegovina Til Norge P\u00e5 1990-Tallet. Bosniere \u2013 Integreringsvinnerne? 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Innvandreres helse 2005\/2006\u201d [Immigrants health 2005\/2006]. Statistics Norway report. Olso Statistics Norway; 2008.35."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.39","unstructured":"Vr\u00e5lstad S . Levek\u00e5r blant innvandrere I Norge 2016 [Living conditions among immigrants in Norway 2016]. Statistics Norway report. Olso Statistics Norway; 2017.13."},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv630"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494818803256","article-title":"Completeness and correctness of acute myocardial infarction diagnoses in a medical quality register and an administrative health register","volume":"48","author":"Govatsmark","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"2025081612225261000_12.1.e003114.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.114.001703"}],"container-title":["Open Heart"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/openhrt-2024-003114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]],"date-time":"2025-08-16T19:23:00Z","timestamp":1755372180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/openheart.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/openhrt-2024-003114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/openhrt-2024-003114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/openhrt-2024-003114","relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-3624"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2053-3624"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}